在特朗普“干掉”TikTok之前，TikTok先出手了

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"一直扬言要封禁TikTok的特朗普没能封掉TikTok，却遭到了TikTok的封杀。"}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"TikTok封禁特朗普煽动暴徒的内容"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"社交媒体一直是特朗普非常重要的政治资源，他也非常善于利用社交媒体吸引公众的关注。2016年竞选美国总统时，特朗普便利用Twitter、Facebook等平台为自己打造“好好先生”的人设IP，他也凭借着这样的正面形象击败对手入主白宫。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"但入主白宫后，特朗普却开始在社交媒体上的表现却与之前截然相反，他开始攻击对手并且不定时发表煽动性言论，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"更严重的是他甚至公然煽动暴徒入侵美国国会大厦"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"。这一举动引起了硅谷科技巨头们的不满，也因此遭到了巨头们的愤然围剿。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"据 Axios 统计，目前已经有大量软件对特朗普的相关账户采取了封禁或限制措施，包括 Facebook、TikTok、Youtube、Instagram、Snapchat、Pinterest、Reddit、视频软件 Twitch、电商软件 Shopify 和 Discord。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"暴徒入侵美国国会大厦事件发生的隔天，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"TikTok也宣布将封禁所有有关特朗普煽动暴徒的内容"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"特朗普在2020年8月就曾表示过：“我们正在禁止TikTok入侵美国。” 同月，特朗普再次表态，TikTok“出于安全原因不能被中国控制。因为它的影响力太大了，太具有侵犯性了。”美国官员声称，TikTok允许中国政府访问用户数据，审查政治话题，并可能被用来散布错误信息。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"但是仍在美国运营的TikTok在本上周末确认了正在着手删除特朗普讲话的某些视频，原因是这些视频违反了该公司的"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"散播错误信息政策"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"实际上，特朗普在TikTok平台上没有自己的账户，但由于特朗普煽动"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"暴徒入侵美国国会大厦，因此"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"TikTok选择与Twitter、Facebook、Instagram和Snapchat等硅谷巨头们站在一条战线上，全面封禁特朗普的不正当言论和行为在其平台上的传播。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"除了删除总统演讲的录像带之外，TikTok还阻止了与国会大厦袭击有关的某些主题标签，例如 "},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"#stormcapitol、#patriotparty"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"等指向性明确的主题标签。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"TikTok在一份声明中表示：“TikTok上不允许仇恨行为和暴力。试图煽动、美化或促进暴力的内容或帐户违反了我们的社区准则，将被删除。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"在一众主流社交媒体平台纷纷封禁特朗普后，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"一家名为“Parler”的社交媒体平台成为了特朗普在Twitter、Facebook等平台失意后的替代性平台。"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"早前特朗普的竞选活动推动了 Parler 的发展，过去几个月该平台的用户量亦增长迅速，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"特朗普和他的几个子女在 Parler 上都有账号。Parler 亦几度成为 Android 和 iOS 美国下载榜的榜首。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"然而，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"从上周五晚开始，谷歌、苹果和亚马逊分别对 Parler 进行下架和停服处理，理由是 Parler对内容缺乏管理，平台仍充斥大量有害的煽动暴力和犯罪的言论。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"苹果曾在上周五给 Parler 发整改通知，限其在 24 小时内解决问题。周六，苹果在一份声明中表示已将 Parler 从 App Store 中下架，直到他们解决这些问题为止。苹果认为，Parler 采取的减缓或防止危险和非法内容扩散的程序是不充分的。“我们一直支持在 App Store 上体现不同的观点，但我们的平台上不允许暴力威胁和非法活动存在。”随后亚马逊也称将不再向 Parler 提供云服务。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"重重压力之下，Parler亦开始有所妥协。外媒指出，周日 Parler 删除了特朗普的竞选律师兼支持者林·伍德（Lin Wood）的多条帖子，其中包括伍德在帖子里呼吁对副总统迈克·彭斯（Mike Pence）采取暴力手段。这是该社交平台首次删除一位高调保守派人士的内容。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"特朗普与TikTok漫长纠葛"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"几个月来，特朗普政府对于TikTok的打压从未停止。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"当地时间 7月7日"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"，美国联邦贸易委员会（FTC）和美国司法部开始联手调查 TikTok，指控其未能履行 2019 年旨在保护儿童隐私的协议，即 TikTok 未能按照协议删除 13 岁及以下用户的视频和个人信息。此外，由于 TikTok 的母公司字节跳动位于中国，美国政府担心 TikTok 可能会与中国政府共享用户数据，无论是有意的数据请求方式还是无意的监视软件方式。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"对于数据安全的指控，TikTok一再予以否认。据TikTok官方表示，TikTok 美国用户的数据存储在美国的服务器上，并在新加坡进行备份。然而，这样的说明并未让特朗普政府停止对TikTok的忌惮和打压。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"2020年8月，当时特朗普签署了一项行政命令，出于国家安全考虑（TikTok平台上有1亿多活跃用户，因此特朗普政府认为这在美国是一个安全隐患），将限制TikTok在美国的业务。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"TikTok和TikTok内容创建者针对特朗普的行政命令提起了各种诉讼。在10月和12月，两名联邦法官在其他案件中对政府的禁令做出裁定，有效地阻止了特朗普政府对于TikTok限制令的执行。12月28日，特朗普政府对12月的禁令提出上诉。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"同时，字节跳动响应了特朗普的命令，开始寻找一家可以收购TikTok的美国公司，这家美国公司可以避免TikTok App在美国的禁令。8月，有媒体报道称微软可能会收购TikTok时，特朗普称TikTok为“热门品牌”，并要求降低TikTok出售的价格。但是甲骨文和沃尔玛击败了微软，成为收购TikTok的领先者。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"美国商务部反复延长了为字节跳动设定的截止日期，以完成TikTok在美国业务的出售或面临美国禁令。美国时间 12 月 4 日是 TikTok 在美业务出售交易的最后限期。但如今期限已过，交易尚未完成，美国方面虽未再次延长期限，但也并未对 TikTok 采取强制动作：TikTok销售谈判仍在进行中；商务部没有设定新的期限；而且该应用在美国仍然可以正常运行。但是，那些想要观看特朗普演讲的人将不得不转向其他地方。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"尽管特朗普政府几个月来一直努力禁止TikTok或极力安排中国母公司出售其美国业务，但TikTok在美国仍然活得很好。乐观的分析认为，在特朗普卸任后，新当选的总统乔 · 拜登（Joe Biden）可能不会像特朗普那样对 TikTok 穷追猛打。彭博社指出，TikTok 与特朗普政府之间的部分诉讼期限已经延至今年1月份以后，这意味着如果拜登上台后决定放弃诉讼，这些官司就会自动失效。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"距离拜登 1 月 20 日就职仅剩几天的时间，在这期间，理论上特朗普仍可以继续对 TikTok 施加压力甚至可能强令其退出美国市场。只是，如今自顾不暇的特朗普没来得及封禁TikTok，而TikTok却先出手了。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"参考链接："},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/fortune.com\/2021\/01\/11\/tiktok-bans-trump-before-trump-bans-tiktok\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/fortune.com\/2021\/01\/11\/tiktok-bans-trump-before-trump-bans-tiktok\/"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]}]}