谁挤走了IBM们

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"几天前，有消息传出，IBM 中国研究院（IBM CRL）已经对内宣布要全面关闭，一时间引发了大家的热烈讨论。对此，IBM 发表了一份声明：“IBM 始终致力于满足中国客户的需求。为了以最佳的方式支持中国客户的人工智能和混合云转型之旅，帮助他们把握国家投资于新基建和数字经济所带来的历史机遇，IBM 正在变革我们在中国的研发布局。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"虽然没有正面回应，但这也被广泛解读为是对 IBM CRL 全面关闭的默认。有知情人士表示，原来的 IBM CRL 员工都已经开始找工作了。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“说 IBM 反应慢不公平”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作为中国最具声望及被广泛认可的研究机构之一，IBM CRL 已有超过 25 年的历史，在北京、上海都设有分院。IBM 许多知名的科技成果都出自此部门，包括著名的人工智能程序“沃森”（Watson）。这次 IBM CRL 全面关闭的消息令很多人都唏嘘不已。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"通常，人们会将大公司走下坡路的原因归到保守、反应慢，无法及时跟进市场发展。但前 IBM 员工 Jane Doe（化名）对 InfoQ 表示，这样评价 IBM 是不公平的。“我还在职时，IBM 每五年就会做发展方向的预测。比如，IBM 其实早于市场起码 3 年就开始布局智慧城市了，但反而是布局过早，市场还没准备好。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"彼时科技圈甚至有个不成文的说法：只要你时刻关注 IBM 的研究和预测，你就不用花时间和精力去研究未来市场了。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“起了个大早，赶了个晚集”似乎已经成了 IBM 的一个标签，超前的理念往往并没有给 IBM 带来想象中的实际收益。一方面，市场确实没有做好准备；另一方面，IBM 在实践过程中并没有摒弃传统的盈利模式。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2011 年，IBM 开始与新加坡陆路交通管理部门进行智慧交通领域的合作，因为高信息化、疏堵效果良好，当时取得了不错的反响。但由于 IBM 将服务与软硬件产品捆绑销售，导致客户前期支出成本过大而使项目难以顺利进行。以销售起家的 IBM，有点聪明反被聪明误。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但这次 IBM CRL 的关闭，归根到底还是与 IBM 整体盈利能力日渐衰退有关。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1 月 22 日，IBM 发布了 2020 财年第四季度财报，IBM 业绩数据全线下滑。第四季度，IBM 总营收 204 亿美元，较上年同期下降 6%；净利润为 13 亿美元，同比下降 66%。除了此前公司结构重组造成的巨额税前费用、大量客户因疫情而放弃长期合同带来的影响外，国内目前大力发展信创、宣传国产化、去 IOE 等也对其业务产生了一定影响。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在这种情况下，无论是以研究为导向，还是以应用为导向，“离钱”远的研究院总是首当其冲。据网友“马力在知群”在微博透露的消息，“以前钱多，可以养很多人，现在大家都得自负盈亏，CRL 就养活不了自己了。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"不过，这并不是 IBM 第一次走下坡路。20 世纪 90 年代，IBM 的主营业务大型主机面临个人电脑带来的巨大冲击，需求大幅下滑，连续三年亏损，主要原因是长期优势地位导致 IBM 逐渐“以自我为中心”，与用户需求越来越远。但随后，IBM 迎来了史上第一个“外来”董事长郭士纳大刀阔斧的转型和改革，他成功带领 IBM 走出了低谷。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/wechat\/images\/0e\/0e20715bbd8c92f271640b8b6703e87f.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"近几年，IBM 大型服务器和软硬件方面需求大量下滑已是不争的事实。没有及时跟进用户需求、连续十个季度没有出现收入同比增长，历史貌似又重现了，IBM 再次面临转型大考。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"现任 IBM 首席执行官 Arvind Krishna 从前任 Ginni Rometty 那里接过接力棒后，一直致力于 IBM 的转型。他希望 IBM 可以逐步淘汰传统基础设施服务，而更专注在混合云和人工智能市场。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"为了实现这个目标，对外，Krishna 积极收购混合云和人工智能相关的公司。IBM 在 2018 年以 340 亿美元的价格收购了红帽。2020 年，IBM 更是开启了“买买买”模式，先后购买了云应用性能监控公司 Instana、云解决方案供应商 Expertus Technologies、混合云咨询公司 Nordcloud、以云计算为核心的 MSP Taos 等企业，整体收购金额预计在百亿美元左右。据公开报道，这些收购基本都是在补足红帽在混合云业务上的短板。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"对内，IBM 在去年 10 月，宣布将拆分为两家上市企业，新的上市公司“NewCo”将以全球第一大托管基础设施服务提供商的身份启动，新公司预计拥有 9 万名员工，继续为全球 115 个国家和地区的 4600 家客户提供技术支持。而 IBM 则会将主要精力放在混合云和人工智能市场。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/wechat\/images\/3a\/3ac83ae5cc472bd138cd778f70e3be8d.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"值得注意的是，在郭士纳在职时，对 IBM 进行拆分的声音就已经出现了，但他认为这将摧毁 IBM“给顾客提供整体解决方案”的优势，所以他反对这种策略。而从 IBM Q4 财报看，Krishna 目前似乎也没有得到自己预期的效果。作为 IBM 最大的业务，云计算和认知软件的销售额在 Q4 下降了 4.5%，至 68 亿美元。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"不过一切都还没有定论，这次 IBM 的转型能否奏效还有待时间的检验。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"已经消失的外企情怀"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“我当年找工作的时候，IBM 是很多学生梦寐以求的公司，不亚于现在的互联网 BAT 这些大厂。而且 IBM 基本不招本科，硕士能去 CDL 就很不错了，能去 CRL 的都得是博士才行，因为 D 是 development，是开发，而 R 是 Research，是研究，更高级。”网友“北京大土豆”在微博里回忆了 IBM 当年的繁盛。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"改革开放以来，以 IBM 为代表的国外科技巨头纷纷进入中国，它们一度引领了整个 IT 行业的发展潮流。不止互联网行业，中国很多企业，从技术层到整个生态，包括企业经营模式的各个方面都深受影响，甚至可以说影响了一代人。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但如今，在很多人看来，外企的时代可能已经过去了。企查查数据显示，2020 年，外商独资企业数量下降了 28.15%，而中国本土企业数量呈逐年上升趋势。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/wechat\/images\/3b\/3bb6da5c8ca718e7361773e77afc7ba0.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"统计口径：外商投资企业只保留外商独资，本土企业，在整体中去除外商投资企业 数据来源：企查查"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在 Jane Doe 看来，现在国外科技公司在中国的发展可能会比较难。“中国做应用挺牛的，国外做研发牛，除非是推新技术，就是那种新到没有人听说过的技术，不然真的很难。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"当前，外企们首先面临着不确定的双边关系带来的影响。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在外企工作了十余年的王琪（化名）对 InfoQ 表示，特朗普在任期间发起的贸易战，不仅对国内企业，对所有高科技企业，尤其是美资科技企业也带来了非常大的冲击。“无论公司立场怎样，客观影响就摆在这里。中国政府、美国政府在政策上都充满了不确定因素，只是有的企业好过些，有的更难。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"更重要的是，本土互联网企业在不断挤占国内 IT 人才市场。国内的 BAT 们，在前几年完成了招人高峰。现在，以字节跳动等为代表的互联网公司又开始了新一轮的疯狂招聘，留给外企的空间变得非常有限。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"据王琪观察，过去五到十年间，随着国内互联网企业的飞速发展，很多能力非常强的优秀外企人才慢慢流向了国内企业，这在当下已经成为一种趋势。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"同时，在影响人才去留的重要因素——薪酬方面，外企们也变得不再有吸引力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"虽然外企工资是不错的，但现在跟华为、阿里和腾讯这样互联网大厂相比，还是偏低，无论是校招还是社招。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"有知情人士表示，在 IBM 这样典型的技术导向公司，CRL 部门不加班、没有绩效考核，但员工普遍高工资、高学历。而同在中国的 IBM 中国开发中心（IBM CDL）会加班、有绩效考核，需要跟销售一样完成业绩，工资却没有想象中的高。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“BAT 给的钱多，大多数人才会选择去 BAT，而且大家民族自豪感还增强了。同等质量下，比如手机，我自己也会买国产。”Jane Doe 认为，这就是目前的实际情况。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"《中国人力资本报告 2020》显示，1985-2018 年间，中国劳动力人口（包括学生）的平均年龄从 32.2 岁上升到了 38.4 岁。而智联招聘 2019 年发布的报告显示，40% 的外资企业平均年龄有所增长。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"对年轻人来说，大厂们的高薪充满诱惑力，即使代价是“996”、“007”，但对于已经习惯了外企的工作状态、处于中高层的“大龄”员工来说，重新进入这样的公司需要耗费很多的时间和耐心去磨合。更别说，大厂里的员工还有着自己的“35 岁”年龄焦虑。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"同时，国内大厂们营造的紧张和焦虑也延伸到了外企。“我们正常是 8 小时，我在 BAT 的同学基本每天工作 10 小时以上。但是中国 IT 市场内卷太严重了，我们下了班也要去上课，要不断学习新知识。”Jane Doe 表示自己一般的节奏是“每天 10 点上班、7 点下班，下班后还要学习 2 个小时，周末的话还要再学习一天。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"放弃中国市场？不会的"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“没听说哪家外企要放弃中国市场。”王琪说，“虽然外企看起来过得比较艰难，但在营收上并没有外界想得那么糟糕。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“我之前所在的公司，即使出现裁员等各种内部战略调整，销售都没有受到什么影响。虽然国内对技术研发加大了投入力度，也一直在提倡国产概念，但在关键业务上，国外公司的技术优势暂时还是没办法替代的。”王琪进一步补充。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"另外，外企的管理制度，尤其是尊重员工方面，与国内很多互联网企业相比都不一样。在王琪看来，外企很勇于给员工机会，也并不是很多人口中的“养老院”，很多人为了完成工作也很拼，也会加班到很晚。只是大家更讲求效率，不做无谓的加班，更追求生活与工作间的平衡。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"国内某互联网大厂首席科学家张鹏（化名）在朋友圈评价道，外企 IBM 曾经是“work life balance”的典范，也是很多优秀科研人员长期坚守 CRL 的原因。可是过去十多年，在与那些拼命 996 的互联网科技公司赛跑中，balance 难以为继。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"张鹏认为，对于 IBM 而言， 坚守上个世纪绝对垄断地位时期养成的工作文化，不能及时调至奋斗心态以应对颠覆性的技术革命（云计算），这里面还有更大的文化危机。企业或个人都要主动进化顺应时代，不然就会成为时代的化石。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"那么，外企有没有可能会选择拥抱中国互联网企业们追逐的“996 文化”呢？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"对此，王琪持否定态度。她表示，外企的管理机制是针对全球的，不是针对中国的。一些理念是刻在它们骨子里的，不会针对某个特定市场就改变。虽然企业短期内可能要承受较大的压力，但只要核心优势还在，就不会出现大的问题。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但即使有上述的优势支撑，外企们也有点扛不住中国日益增加的人力成本了。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"王琪透露：“我们做内部调查的时候发现，大陆地区的人力成本已经比（中国）台湾、（中国）香港的高很多了，很多中国企业成本水平已经与新加坡、澳大利亚差不多了，而且整个成本还在不断增长。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"无论是对已在中国发展多年的外企，还是打算进入中国的外国企业，不断增加的人力成本都将是一个很大的挑战。为此，很多外企选择将财务等部门转移到了马来西亚等相对成本较低的国家，在中国只保留核心团队。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"结束语"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"不管是还在外企，还是已经离开，很多人在提起过去在外企工作的经历时都充满了感激。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"从美资科技企业转战港资企业的王琪表示，“我非常感谢过去几年在美资，尤其是在美资高科技企业工作带给我的成长。虽然每家公司的文化略有不同，可能有的强调独立性，有的看重协作，但无论怎样，它们在管理制度的完善、文化公开、work life balance 方面都做得很好。它们很尊重员工，也乐意给员工机会。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"王琪认为，对于刚进入社会的人来说，能在一家大企业，尤其是一家外资高科技公司工作是一个非常好的学习过程，可以很快进入社会系统化、专业化的工作流程中。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"而 Jane Doe 在离开 IBM 后也表示，始终很感谢 IBM。“同事非常 nice，至今为止最好的朋友还是在我摸的时候认识的。我摸号称 IT 界的黄埔军校，名不虚传。在我摸的几年，我的技术、英文、Coding style、谈判技巧、stakeholder management 都突飞猛涨。考证可以报销、学英文可以报销、O’Reilly 之类的国外学习网站用我摸的邮箱登录完全免费。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“没有性别歧视，没有年龄歧视，没有国内公司所谓的不能‘带薪拉屎’。”Jane Doe 最后补充说道。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"离开 IBM 之后，Jane Doe 依然去了外企工作。在她看来，外企可以给她更多机会。“国内很多互联网企业有性别年龄偏好，女生大多数是做测试、BA、PM 之类配合及沟通的工作。但我喜欢技术，外企机会多一些。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如今，在中国找一家不用 996、不用加班，薪水中等水平，还提倡生活与工作平衡的公司已经很难了。或许这并不是意味着外企时代的消失，而是在新时代的高速发展下，另一种生活序幕的正式开启。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":5}}]}