开源软件Kafka 商业化公司即将上市，将重点发展云服务

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"美国时间6月1日，云计算软件开发商 Confluent 正式向SEC提交了IPO招股说明书。Confluent将在纳斯达克上市交易，股票代码为“CFLT”，摩根士丹利、摩根大通和高盛是这次IPO的主承销商。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"由于未披露更多细节，暂时不知其估值。但Confluent在去年由Coatue Management和Altimeter Capital牵头的新一轮融资中估值45亿美元（约合287亿人民币）。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"将在云服务上发力"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.sec.gov\/Archives\/edgar\/data\/1699838\/000119312521178773\/d63025ds1.htm#toc63025_9","title":"xxx","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"招股书"}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"显示，Confluent公司2021 年第一季度收入7700万美元（约4.9亿人民币），同比增长51%，收入主要来源于订阅。因销售和营销成本激增，亏损额从3360万美元（约2.1亿人民币）扩大到4450万美元（约2.8亿人民币）。此外，Confluent 一季度研发费用增加了 460 万美元，研发比从同期的39%降低了32%。"}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.infoq.cn\/resource\/image\/6d\/28\/6dcb9b2689326b78e53f61567d45d828.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"在Confluent 的产品中，最有名就是开源流处理平台Apache Kafka。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"Apache Kafka诞生自LinkedIn内部。当时LinkedIn团队在重建数据基础设施时发现，数据存储虽然已有上百种技术，但并不是最迫切的需求。最普遍的问题是要将将组成全球社交网络的所有不同应用程序和数据存储，整合成一个相互连接的软件系统，并且该系统可以对任何事情作出连续、实时的反应。但在当时几乎没有可用的商业或开源系统。于是在2011年，Kafka诞生了。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"当意识到数据流动是整个行业都在面临的问题时，LinkedIn在2014年投资约50万美元成立了Confluent。Kafka的创建者杰伊·克雷普斯（Jay Kreps）、饶俊（Jun Rao）和内哈·纳尔赫德（Neha Narkhede）三人也成为了Confluent的创始团队。如今该公司已经拥有接近1500名员工。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"当前，Kafka 每天可以传输数万亿个数据点，延迟仅为几毫秒。凭借强大的性能，Kafka成为最成功的开源项目之一，拥有超过6万名来自全球的社区成员，大约超过70%的财富500强企业使用过Kafka，包括花旗集团、Humana、英特尔和沃尔玛等。这意味着，除了自有产品，Confluent之外的企业也在构建连接器、增加更多功能，并在Apache Kafka上部署补丁。这样形成的积极反馈循环加强了Apache Kafka 供应，吸引了更多的开发者。Confluent 表示，未来将继续做好社区维护工作。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"另外，从招股书中可以看出，Confluent 下一步将重点发展 Confluent Cloud 。Confluent Cloud是该公司基于企业对 Apache Kafka 完全托管云服务的需求在2017年开发的云原生 SaaS 产品。该公司第一季度有18%的收入来自其云服务，高于去年同期的12%。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"当前，全球各地越来越多的企业将工作负载和基础设施转移到了云上。根据IDC数据，从2020年到2024年，全球公共云服务市场预计将从2920亿美元增加到6280亿美元。Gartner 最近的云采用调查结果显示，超过 75% 的组织正在使用多云采用模型。Confluent的主要目标是确保企业能够利用动态数据来满足现代业务需求。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"Confluent Cloud是一个完全托管的云原生服务，用于连接和处理所有需要的数据，而在本地或私有云上使用应用程序的企业可以使用Confluent Platform。Confluent Platform 提供了一个完整的自我管理平台，可以实时连接、处理和响应企业数据。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"在第一季度，Confluent Platform带来收入 5410 万美元，同比增长 43%，来自 Confluent Cloud 的收入为 1390 万美元，同比增长 124%。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"  "}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.infoq.cn\/resource\/image\/c0\/d7\/c03700d36b51b02d52a5baf547be42d7.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"新用户是重点"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"Confluent并不是唯一家希望在数据管理方面推广开源技术的公司。亚马逊曾推出一个名为Kinesis 的替代方案，还有像Apache Spark这样的竞争项目。在企业内部软件领域，Cloudera、IBM和甲骨文都与Confluent形成了竞争。不过，Confluent的主要目标是跨越有竞争产品的大型云基础设施供应商亚马逊、微软和谷歌。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"抢夺新用户是Confluent 下一阶段的主要目标，并利用目前的产品矩阵形成完整的解决方案。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"Confluent 主要利用Confluent Cloud 获取新客，方式也为常规的免费试用转换成付费用户。在获得新客后，Confluent将为用户提供包括私有云、公有云和混合云等在内的多种解决方案留住用户。截至2020年12月31日和2021年3月31日，Confluent以美元计算的净留存率分别为125%和117%。（注：只有当留存率超过100%并不断提高，订阅业务才有持续的保障）"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"此外，Confluent 还将加大对 ksqlDB等方面的投资。ksqlDB 允许在 Kafka 之上构建一个流处理应用程序，通过在内部使用 Kafka-streams 并在事件进来时进行转换可以丰富特定流的事件。目前有越来越多的企业采用了 ksqlDB 。随着传统数据库上的批处理方式被逐渐取代，Confluent 认为对 ksqlDB 的投资有利于公司抓住这一转变从而获得增长。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]}]}