Facebook发布面向未来的隐私增强技术

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"新技术需要时间来开发，但我们相信，通过持续的迭代，我们可以构建支持自由和开放互联网的解决方案。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"美国当地时间8月11日，Facebook 在官网发布了新的隐私增强技术提案，并倡导各行业人士共同建立更加自由和开放的互联网。Facebook 提到，新的隐私增强技术旨在保护用户的隐私，减少互联网公司对个人以及第三方数据的依赖。运用这项新技术，在帮助互联网公司筛选非必须处理的个人信息量的同时，不影响互联网公司向人们展示广告并衡量广告商的广告效果。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"互联网公司的宿命：隐私与利益的博弈"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"利用“用户画像”赚钱是互联网行业的常规业务模式，然而，利用用户信息的方式直接决定了互联网公司是否有触犯用户隐私的风险。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"我们耳熟能详的众多大型互联网公司，都曾因为用户信息使用不当接受过处罚。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"2017年9月，Facebook 在未告知用途的前提下收集当地用户的个人信息（包括性别、宗教信仰、个人偏好、浏览历史等），并用于广告业务，被西班牙政府罚款120万欧元。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"2018年，Facebook 与剑桥分析的数据分析公司合作，利用8700多万用户数据从事大数据工作，影响总统选举，最终被美国联邦贸易委员会（FTC）罚款50亿美金。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"2020年6月，谷歌由于在浏览器的“无痕”模式中依然跟踪用户互联网使用动作，以及无论用户是否点击谷歌支持的广告，谷歌都通过谷歌分析、谷歌广告管理器等应用以及包括智能手机App等在内的网站插件收集用户信息，被罚款50亿美元。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"转向国内，最令大家印象深刻的恐怕是今年7月的滴滴事件。7月4日，由于存在严重违法违规收集使用个人信息问题，滴滴出行APP国家网信办通知下架。随后更有七部委联合进驻滴滴调查事件始末。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"随着隐私监管环境不断变化，我们不得不承认，互联网公司依靠数字广告赚钱的模式风险越来越大。而对于言必称自己是高科技公司的互联网大厂们来说，如何依靠技术降低这一风险成为不得不考虑的课题。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"隐私增强技术三大应用：安全多方计算 (MPC)、基于设备的自主学习和差异隐私"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"今年8月，Facebook发布了隐私增强技术及最新的解决方案。其中提到，隐私增强技术 (PET) 可以最大限度地减少处理的数据量，以帮助保护个人信息。这一技术可用于许多不同的环境，例如 COVID-19 联系人追踪、识别城市搬迁趋势和发送电子支付。 "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"同时，Facebook结合实践发布了三个用于构建和测量个性化广告的方案--安全多方计算（MPC）、基于设备的自主学习和差异隐私。以下是三者的简要介绍："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"安全多方计算：安全多方计算（MPC）允许两个或多个组织一起工作，同时限制参与者可接触到的信息。在MPC中，数据是端到端加密的：在传输、存储和使用过程中，确保任何一方都无法看到对方的数据。 "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"基于设备的自主学习：基于设备的自主学习类似边缘计算。其根据在设备上计算得来的洞察训练算法，而无需将个人数据（例如购物清单或个人电子邮件地址）发送到远程服务器或云端。这项技术可以用于找到展示相关广告的新方法，而无需了解用户在其他应用程序和网站上的操作。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"差异隐私：查分隐私是一种可以单独使用或应用于其他隐私增强技术以保护数据不被重新识别的技术。 查分隐私通过将仔细计算的“噪声”包含到数据集来起作用。例如，如果有 118 人在点击广告后购买了产品，那么差异化私有系统会从该数字中添加或减去随机数量。因此，使用该系统的人会看到类似 120 或 114 的数字，而不是 118。 "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"欲了解更多详情可到Facebook官网查看："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/about.fb.com\/news\/2021\/08\/privacy-enhancing-technologies-and-ads"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"社交巨头的远见：技术之外的事"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"说回Facebook 的发布要闻，其中提到，“我们多年来一直在投资建立一系列"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/l.facebook.com\/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fabout.fb.com%2Fnews%2F2021%2F07%2Fprivacy-enhancing-technologies-and-ads%2F&h=AT1oE2T3uGSEO9kgWvgEKbg6kfWJ_Oj8xqz1jfAk9i56lJIjvtQOOkBfpQiNiEj_b0Stu-MSRKf4HmCh-7diN_kx-T1afQNUEaDHWg72w571muelCwgH5JeNCCENiYcRDEpSVSAzG0lXVIRFrxBGjWSemog","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"隐私增强技术"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"，并与同行合作制定相关标准，以支持下一个时代”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"早在去年，Facebook就与合作伙伴测试了应用安全多方计算的隐私增强技术的Private Lift Measurement 解决方案，帮助广告商在了解广告活动效果的同时，增加了额外的隐私层限制Facebook这类平台的访问。Facebook 提到，这一解决方案将于2022年广泛提供给广告商。同时，还将开源"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/l.facebook.com\/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Ffacebookresearch%2Ffbpcf&h=AT3MFhY3QWHWVX-Lvw3CcJx6S-Gm6f5x2wJMxjbbfyXnpcaWqZDrJE8rocMZOvUWYYaK41BN6Tlq1y4cQyuEzJzHhxLmy5-atNqYs7uY8XuL7GBBmhljbvl8VvnozzOrDM4FAT0q1-pTTy3TR8HzmTbItpA","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"私有计算解决方案"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"框架，促进业内人士基于该技术开发产品。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"从商业上来说，行业共识是比技术更重要的事情。Facebook作为巨头自然很清楚这一点，因此，Facebook在发布隐私增强技术的同时，呼吁平台、发行商、开发商和其他参与者共建行业标准和相关的解决方案。Facebook提到，我们与各参与方的研讨主要集中在三个领域："}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"数据用例：当广告商在使用互联网数据时，隐私增强技术需要解决最重要的问题是什么？"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"提案：为了用好隐私增强技术，并且不耽误数据的正常使用，我们可以开发哪些提案？"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"反馈：我们如何协作以迭代和改进现有提案？"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"在接下来的几个月里，Facebook将会通过活动与客户，同行以及合作伙伴更频繁地接触，讨论下一个个性化体验时代以及如何共同开发解决方案。Facebook强调，“新技术需要时间来开发，但我们相信，通过持续的迭代，我们可以构建支持自由和开放互联网的解决方案”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"参考链接："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/business\/news\/building-for-the-future"}]}]}