51. While warnings are often appropriate and necessary--the dangers of drug interactions, for example--and many are required by state or federal regulations, it isn’t clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured.
【词汇突破】
appropriate：恰当的，合适的
liability：责任（duty，obligation,commitment 的同义替换词）
【主干识别】it isn"t clear that +主语从句（it 为形式主语）
【其他成分】while warnings are often approprite and necessary and many are required by state or federal regulations让步状语从句；the dangers of drug interactions, for example.插入语；that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability宾语从句；if a customer is injured条件状语从句。
【微观解析】由while引导的时间状语从句中，大的并列可还原为while warnings are often…and many warnings are required…
【难点揭秘】各种从句交织在一起会导致主干模糊，其中也包括出现插入语的现象
【译文赏析】尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的--比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告--许多警告还是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出的，然而(我们) 并不清楚，如果顾客受到伤害时，这些警告其实是在使其生产者和销售者豁免责任。
52. This development--and its strong implication for US politics and economy in years ahead--has enthroned the South as America’s most densely populated region for the first time in the history of the nation’s head counting.
【词汇突破】
enthrone: 使……成为…….(其同近义词为entitle)
densely：密集的
nation’s head counting：全国人口普查（同census）
implication 重要意义和重要性，影响
【主干识别】this development has enthroned the South as America’s most densely populated region.
【其他成分】and its strong implication for US politics and economy in years ahead插入语；in years ahead在未来的几年中（前面我们有学到in the years to come）；for the first time:介词短语作状语，可换为firsly；in the history of the nation’s head counting时间状语。
【微观解析】这个句子中值得积累的句型为 sth has enthroned sth as… (某物使某物成为……)
【难点揭秘】对enthorne搭配的掌握以及in years ahead的理解。
【译文赏析】这种发展——以及其对美国政治、经济在未来几年的潜在的强有力的影响一一使得南部在全国人口普查中有史以来首次成为美国人口最密集的地区。
53. For the women of my generation who were urged to keep juggling through the 80’s, down-shifting in the mid 90s is not so much a search for the mythical good life--growing your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into a simpler, less materialistic lifestyle --as a personal recognition of your limitations.
【主干识别】 Down-shifting in the mid- 90s is not so much a search for the mythical good lift.
【其他成分】For the women of my generation who were urged to keep juggling through the 80’s介词短语作状语；growing your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one同位语；as a personal recognition of your limitations状语。
【微观解析】for 介词 the women of my generation名词 who were urged to keep juggling through the 80’s定语从句修饰the women of my generation。
【难点揭秘】not so(as) much…as 这个比较结构的理解通常理解为：与其说，不如说；例如：He was not so much angry as disappointed.（他与其说愤怒不如说失望。）
【译文赏析】对于我这一代曾在整个80年代为生活奔波的女人来说，90年代中期出现的归隐恬退与其说是我们寻求一种神话般的美好生活（用有机肥种植蔬菜，并且冒险去过一种更加简单和更少物质的生活方式）不如说是我们清醒地认识到自身能力是有限的。
54. A home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul is a man .
【主干识别】A home without love is no more a home.
【其他成分】than a body without a soul is a man状语从句
【难点揭秘】这个句子难点在于no more than结构的用法：
（1）如果是对数量进行修饰的时候，no more than = only, 意为“仅仅，只有”，例如：There are no more than ten people in the room.（房间里只有十个人。）
（2）在程度上进行比较时，no more than有“两者都不”之意，表示说话者主观上嫌其少（差、不足、 不好）等，例如：This book is no more interesting than that one.（这两本书都没趣。）
也就是说这个结构在程度比较的时候than后面所接的句子或其他成分都受到了前面否定词no的限制，例如：I can run no faster than he can.（我跑的不快，他跑的也不快。）
分为两个句子为：
i）A home without love is not home
ii）A body without a soul is not a man.
用no more than 结构连起来就成了上面的句子。任何固定结构其实都是从简单到复杂的一个过程，任何结构都是可以从最基本的句子成分入手进行解析的。
【译文赏析】正像一个没有灵魂的躯体不成其为人，就如一个没有爱的家庭不成其为家庭。
54（2）. Nowhere do 1980 census statistics dramatize more the American search for spacious living than in the Far West.
【词汇突破】census 人口普查
spacious 宽敞的（其同根形容词为 spatial 和空间有关的）
dramatize 体现和表明
【主干识别】1980 census statistics dramatize the American search for spacious living.
【其他成分】nowhere 状语，置于句首引起了句子的倒装；more 状语修饰dramatize；than in the Far West 状语。
【微观解析】比较对象：任何一个地区和the Far West；
比较内容：对于美国人渴求宽敞生活的体现；
比较结果：在Far west 地区最能体现。
Nowhere 既是表明了比较的对象也表明了比较的结果。
【难点揭秘】在对于比较结构一定要关注比较的三要素，比较对象，比较内容和比较结果。
【译文赏析】1980的人口普查数据表明远西地区是对宽敞住宿条件需求最高的地区。
55. Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly：summer homes, European travel, BMWs—the locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago.
【词汇突破】
sign 标志
summer home 避暑山庄
【主干识别】people do not seem less interested in success and its signs
【其他成分】now than formerly状语；冒号后的句子summer homes, European travel, BMWs—the locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago.对前面主句进行解释。
【微观解析】summer homes, European travel, BMWs名词词组表示列举，松散的句子结构。“—”之后the locations, place names and name brands may change，but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago.对summer homes, European travel, BMWs进行解释；
主句中比较对象为：Now 和formerly；
比较内容为：人们对这些事物的兴趣；
比较结果为：人们的兴趣没有减弱；
从句中比较对象为：today 和 a decade or two years ago；
比较内容是：人们对其的需求程度；
比较结果为：现在的需求也以前的需求是一样的。
【难点解析】出现比较结构，而比较中又包含有否定；且出现由标点引起的松散句子结构，但是在局部的分析中句子结构也是很严密的。
【译文赏析】当然，人们现在对成功及其各种标志的兴趣似乎并不亚于先前。消夏别墅、欧陆旅行、宝马车——地点、地名以及品牌或许会有变化，但这类事物在今天被人渴求的程度也似乎不会亚于一二十年前。
56. Surely there is no more commanding moral imperative for people in the west than to urge each other, and their governments, to bring relief to the world’s poorest.
【词汇突破】
imperative 必须的，必须做的事，原则（常见的是形容词性，但是这里是名词表示必须做的事）
commanding 急迫的，紧迫的
urge 敦促
relief 援助
【主干识别】there is no more commanding moral imperative
【其他成分】for people in the west 状语；than to urge each other, and their governments, to bring relief to the world’s poorest状语。
【微观解析】
句中的比较对象为：any moral imperative 和to urge each other, and their governments, to bring relief to the world’s poorest;
比较内容为：commanding 急迫;
比较结果为：to urge each other, and their governments, to bring relief to the world’s poorest最为急迫.
【难点解析】确定出比较的三要素是这个句子理解的难点，加上no以后就确定出than之后的内容是最高级。
【译文赏析】毫无疑问，对西方人来说，没有什么道德标准要比相互督促和督促国家给世界上最穷困的地。
区带来救助更重要的了。
或：毫无疑问，对西方人来说相互督促和督促国家给世界上最穷困的地区带去救助是最重要的道德原则。
57. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.
【词汇突破】
maximize:最大化
Coupled with：加上（combined with的同义替换）
【主干识别】it is the demand that determine 加宾语从句。
【其他成分】in the American economic system状语；coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes非谓语作状语，提取主干为 coupled with the desire and the desire；it is the demand that determine what…可还原为 the demand determines what…；what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it宾语从句。
【微观解析】这个强调句型运用it is＋被强调部分＋that…的结构强调主语，并且利用非谓语的伴随结构使得主干分离开来。
【难点揭秘】找出强调句中被强调的部分并且还原出原句。
【译文赏析】因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。
58. Luckily, if the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster, a successful lawsuit might compensate you for your troubles，or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s, when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers’ misfortunes.
【词汇突破】
lawsuit 法律诉讼
compendsate 赔偿
warn of 警告
liable 负责
juries 陪审团
【主干识别】or连接两个并列的句子前一句主干为：a successful lawsuit might compensate you for your troubles.后一句为：the thinking has gone has gone so.
【其他成分】第一句：luckily状语；if the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster状语；
第二句：since the early 1980s, 状语；when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers’ misfortunes定语从句修饰the early 1980s.
【微观解析】when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers’ misfortunes定语从句中holding所接宾语为一独立主格结构相当于一个名词，其完整形式是：More companies are liable for their customers’ misfoutunes，其中are 变为being ,being再被省去，详细内容可以参看独立主格的讲解。
【难点揭秘】这个句子难点就是so 在句子中的位置发生了改变，到了or 后面，而刚好 or so 是一个熟悉的短语可以修饰1980’s是很有可能误解为：the thinking has gone，这样句子的意思就反生了完全的改变。
【译文赏析】幸运的是，如果门垫或者是火炉没有能警告即将到来的灾难，你可以通过一场成功的法律诉讼来赔偿你的麻烦。从1980年代的早期开始人们的想法就是这样的了，那时候法庭认为商家对消费者的不幸应该负担更多的责任。
59. Amid the recriminations and broken treaties after the failure of the European Union’s biggest economic project, wild currency swings between those in the core and those in the periphery would almost certainly bring the single market to a shuddering halt.
【词汇突破】
recriminations相互指责，吵架； 反诉； 揭丑；
例句：Their relationship deteriorates into an endless cycle of squabbling , jealousy and recriminations.
他们的关系陷入争吵、嫉妒、指责的恶性循环
Treaty 合约和条约；
Periphery边缘； 圆周； 外围； 边缘地带
Shuddering发抖的，震动的
Halt 停止
【主干识别】wild currency swings would bring the single market to a shuddering halt.
【其他成分】Amid the recriminations and broken treaties after the failure of the European Union’s biggest economic project, 状语between those in the core and those in the periphery定语
【微观解析】介词短语：介词Amid +名词1the recriminations and名词2 broken treaties
介词短语中的定语 after the failure of the European Union’s biggest economic project,
【难点揭秘】长状语置于句首造成主干识别的困难，主语过长造成了翻译的难点。
【译文赏析】在欧盟最大的经济计划破产后的一片指责和违约之中，货币在欧盟核心国家和边缘国家中肆意动荡，这足以使欧元区的单一市场走向毁灭。
【翻译点拨】将主语wild currency swings between those in the core and those in the periphery翻译为一个句子将名词swings 转译为动词。
60. Emerging from the 1980 census is the picture of a nation developing more and more regional competition, as population growth in the Northeast and Midwest reaches a near standstill.
【词汇突破】
census 人口普查
deveolop 出现
【主干识别】the picture is emerging
【其他成分】from the 1980 census状语；of a nation developing more and more regional competition定语修饰picture；as population growth in the Northeast and Midwest reaches a near standstill状语从句。
【难点揭秘】倒装的识别
【译文赏析】从1980年的人口普查中，出现了这样一个情况，当东北部和中西部地区的人口增长几乎停止的时候，这个国家地区间的竞争就变得的越来越激烈了。