1. 環境準備
OS：CentOS 6.4
防火牆：必須允許Agent到Master 8140端口的連接
主機名：官方要求每個節點的主機名都要求配置正向或反向的DNS解析。本次不講解DNS的配置，直接通過編輯/etc/hosts實現（默認的puppet master主機名是:puppet）
檢查時間：必須保證所有節點的時間準確，誤差不能太大，否則ssl通信會有問題.
加入計劃任務中：*/5 * * * * ntpdate s2c.time.edu.cn &> /dev/null
虛擬機三臺：
每臺主機的/etc/hosts請根據自身情況綁定 cat >> /etc/hosts <<EOF 192.168.188.20 master.dbsa.cn 192.168.188.21 agent1.dbsa.cn 192.168.188.22 agent2.dbsa.cn EOF
2. 安裝Puppet
安裝yum源：
rpm -ivh http://yum.puppetlabs.com/puppetlabs-release-el-6.noarch.rpm
安裝Puppet Master
yum install puppet-server-3.7.3 -y #/etc/init.d/puppetmaster 啓動腳本，先不要啓動服務
安裝Puppet Agent
yum install puppet-3.7.3 -y #/etc/init.d/puppet 啓動腳本，先不要啓動服務
3. 在一個生產環境中的Puppet Master你需要注意一下幾個事項：
a.)修改Puppetmaster的主機名，然後建立證書.
#可以通過dns_alt_names設置puppet master的主機名列表,以逗號分隔可以配置多個 /etc/puppet/puppet.conf [main] dns_alt_names = puppet,master.dbsa.cn #執行下面的命令將創建puppet master和CA證書 puppet master --verbose --no-daemonize #也可以通過下面的命令單獨創建puppet master證書 puppet cert generate <MASTER'S CERTNAME> --dns_alt_names <ALT NAME 1>,<ALT NAME 2>
b.)一些必要的配置.(參考)
/etc/puppet/puppet.conf （in Master）
#log
reports = http #log,http,tagmail
reporturl = http://localhost:3000/reports/upload # reports = http
#enc
node_terminus = exec #plain,exec
external_nodes = /path/node.rb #node_terminus = exec
#puppetdb
storeconfigs = true
storeconfigs_backend = puppetdb
#static
catalog_terminus = static_compiler #配置靜態編譯，犧牲一部分的CPU換取，降低catalog apply的時間和https請求量，必須在site.pp中加入filebucket { puppet: path => false； }
#ca cert
ca = true
ca_ttl = 5y
autosign = $confdir/autosign.conf #在autosign.conf 寫入可以用正則匹配的Agent證書名稱/etc/puppet/puppet.conf （in Agent） server = puppet #默認值爲Puppet certname = agent #節點的證書名，默認執行當前主機名 report = true #節點執行完成後，發送Puppet報告 pluginsync = true #開啓同步facter等 runinterval = 30m #當Puppet以守護進程運行時的執行間隔 splay = false #是否啓用一個僞隨機時間執行，避免大量Agent集中地執行 splaylimit = 2m #最大延遲運行的時間間隔 configtimeout = 120 #Agent等待配置檢索的超時時間
當前PuppetMaster的配置如下：
cat > /etc/puppet/puppet.conf <<EOF [main] logdir = /var/log/puppet rundir = /var/run/puppet ssldir = \$vardir/ssl syslogfacility = local6 [agent] classfile = \$vardir/classes.txt localconfig = \$vardir/localconfig [master] reports = log ca = true dns_alt_names = puppet,master.dbsa.cn autosign = true EOF
當前PuppetAgent的配置如下：
cat > /etc/puppet/puppet.conf <<EOF [main] logdir = /var/log/puppet rundir = /var/run/puppet ssldir = \$vardir/ssl syslogfacility = local6 [agent] classfile = \$vardir/classes.txt localconfig = \$vardir/localconfig server = master.dbsa.cn report = true configtimeout = 120 EOF
/etc/rsyslog.conf *.info;mail.none;authpriv.none;cron.none;local6.none /var/log/messages local6.* /var/log/puppet/puppet.log /etc/init.d/rsyslog restart
上面的配置，Master會自動簽署Agent的證書，Agent會將執行日誌發送到Puppet Master.
配置查看的命令 puppet config print puppet config print --section master puppet config print --section agent 在Master證書管理的命令 puppet cert list --all #查看所有證書 puppet cert clean <name> #刪除指定證書 puppet cert sign <name> #簽署指定證書 puppet cert sign --all #簽署所有證書
c)創建一個簡單的modules和manifests
cat > /etc/puppet/manifests/site.pp <<EOF
#default是一個默認的節點，當沒有指定主機時，都會自動匹配到一個default的節點
node default {
#加載一個base的模塊
include base
}
#/agent2/ 這是通過正則的方式定義主機，也可以通過精確匹配'agent2.dbsa.cn'
node /agent2/ {
#加載一個base的模塊
include base
#輸出一個消息
notify { "hello world":}
}
EOF
#創建一個base模塊
mkdir /etc/puppet/modules/base/{manifests,lib,files,templates} -p
cat > /etc/puppet/modules/base/manifests/init.pp <<EOF
#創建一個base的類，保護一個文件的資源，會在/tmp/test創建一個文件，內容是hello world
class base {
file {
"/tmp/test":
owner => root, group => root, mode => 644,
content => "hello world";
}
}
EOF
/etc/init.d/puppetmaster restart Agent執行Puppet
[root@agent1 ~]# puppet agent --verbose --no-daemonize
Notice: Starting Puppet client version 3.7.3
Info: Retrieving pluginfacts
Info: Retrieving plugin
Info: Caching catalog for agent1.dbsa.cn
Info: Applying configuration version '1417016408'
Notice: /Stage[main]/Base/File[/tmp/test]/ensure: defined content as '{md5}5eb63bbbe01eeed093cb22bb8f5acdc3'
Notice: Finished catalog run in 0.03 seconds
[root@agent2 ~]# puppet agent --verbose --no-daemonize
Notice: Starting Puppet client version 3.7.3
Info: Retrieving pluginfacts
Info: Retrieving plugin
Info: Caching catalog for agent2.dbsa.cn
Info: Applying configuration version '1417016408'
Notice: /Stage[main]/Base/File[/tmp/test]/ensure: defined content as '{md5}5eb63bbbe01eeed093cb22bb8f5acdc3'
Notice: hello world
Notice: /Stage[main]/Main/Node[agent2]/Notify[hello world]/message: defined 'message' as 'hello world'
Notice: Finished catalog run in 0.06 secondsd)配置nginx替換默認的Webrick
yum install ruby-devel rubygems gcc gcc-c++ make -y yum install curl-devel openssl-devel zlib-devel pcre-devel -y #更換gem 源爲淘寶的，國內因爲gfw更新可能會失敗並且很慢. gem sources -a https://ruby.taobao.org/ gem sources --remove http://rubygems.org/ gem sources -l gem install rake -v 10.4.0 -V gem install rack -v 1.5.2 -V gem install passenger -v 3.0.19 -V #安裝nginx... cd /tmp wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/nginx/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz tar xf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz #使用passenger編譯Nginx passenger-install-nginx-module #選擇1,在選擇2, 然後在分別輸入: /tmp/nginx-1.6.2 /usr/local/nginx 一路回車... #puppet rack mkdir -p /etc/puppet/rack/public cp /usr/share/puppet/ext/rack/config.ru /etc/puppet/rack chown -R puppet.puppet /etc/puppet/rack
Nginx配置文件：
cat > /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf <<EOF
user root;
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
passenger_root /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-3.0.19;
passenger_ruby /usr/bin/ruby;
passenger_max_pool_size 32;
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '\$remote_addr - \$remote_user [$time_local] "\$request" '
'\$status "\$http_referer" '
'"\$http_user_agent" "\$http_x_forwarded_for"'
'\$upstream_addr \$upstream_cache_status \$upstream_status';
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
include /usr/local/nginx/conf/puppet.conf;
}
EOF
cat > /usr/local/nginx/conf/puppet.conf <<EOF
server {
listen 8140 ssl;
server_name _;
root /etc/puppet/rack/public;
access_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/access-8140.log main;
passenger_enabled on;
passenger_use_global_queue on;
passenger_set_cgi_param HTTP_X_CLIENT_DN \$ssl_client_s_dn;
passenger_set_cgi_param HTTP_X_CLIENT_VERIFY \$ssl_client_verify;
ssl_certificate /var/lib/puppet/ssl/certs/$HOSTNAME.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /var/lib/puppet/ssl/private_keys/$HOSTNAME.pem;
ssl_crl /var/lib/puppet/ssl/ca/ca_crl.pem;
ssl_client_certificate /var/lib/puppet/ssl/certs/ca.pem;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
ssl_verify_client optional;
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:128m;
ssl_ciphers SSLv2:-LOW:-EXPORT:RC4+RSA;
ssl_session_timeout 5m;
ssl off;
ssl_verify_depth 1;
}
EOFNginx啓動腳本：
cat > /etc/init.d/nginx <<EOF
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemin
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
# pidfile: /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "\$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=\$(basename \$nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
start() {
[ -x \$nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f \$NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
echo -n \$"Starting \$prog: "
daemon \$nginx -c \$NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=\$?
echo
[ \$retval -eq 0 ] && touch \$lockfile
return \$retval
}
stop() {
echo -n \$"Stopping $prog: "
killproc \$prog -QUIT
retval=\$?
echo
[ \$retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return \$retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return \$?
stop
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return \$?
echo -n \$"Reloading \$prog: "
killproc \$nginx -HUP
RETVAL=\$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
\$nginx -t -c \$NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status \$prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "\$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
\$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
\$1
;;
restart|configtest)
\$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
\$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo \$"Usage: \$0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac
EOF
chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginxe)啓動Puppet Master服務
/etc/init.d/puppetmaster stop /etc/init.d/nginx start chkconfig puppetmaster off chkconfig nginx on