Networking_FpsDemo

一、创建场景。

命名场景为Main

二、创建NetWorkManager空对象。

并添加脚本NetWorkManagerHUD

（

NetWorkManager

https://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/UNetManager.html?_ga=1.90521311.433409425.1476685957

The High Level API

https://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/UNetUsingHLAPI.html

）

三、创建游戏同步Player三维对象。

并添脚本 NetworkIdentity，并将其 Local Player Authority参数设置为True。将Player制作成预制体，然后将其从场景中删除（Player Objectshttps://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/UNetPlayers.html?_ga=1.58169839.433409425.1476685957）

四、将Player预制体注册到NetWorkManager上。

拖动Player到NetWorkManager的SpawnInfo的PlayerPrefab属性上

五、为Player添加运动操作脚本

using UnityEngine;

public class PlayerController : MonoBehaviour
{
    void Update()
    {
        var x = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal") * Time.deltaTime * 150.0f;
        var z = Input.GetAxis("Vertical") * Time.deltaTime * 3.0f;

        transform.Rotate(0, x, 0);
        transform.Translate(0, 0, z);
    }

}

六、测试本地以 LAN Host启动游戏。

（Network System Conceptshttps://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/UNetConcepts.html?_ga=1.124244047.433409425.1476685957），然后打包客户端以client模式加入运行。

七、实现只控制本地对象。

将MonoBehaiver替换为NetWorkBehaiver,并判断是否是本地对象，否则返回。(NetWorkBehaiver:https://docs.unity3d.com/ScriptReference/Networking.NetworkBehaviour.html?_ga=1.56679535.433409425.1476685957)

然后在Player预制体上添加NetWorkTranform（NetWorkTransform:https://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/class-NetworkTransform.html?_ga=1.157733375.433409425.1476685957）

八、多人在线测试。

修改 Network Send Rate并再次测试，观察流畅度

九、识别本地玩家。

在脚本中添加：

public override void OnStartLocalPlayer()

{

    GetComponent().material.color = Color.blue;

}

可以在本地本地玩家创建后将其颜色转换为蓝色（Object Spawninghttps://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/UNetSpawning.html?_ga=1.94715225.433409425.1476685957）

十、创建本地射击功能。制作子弹预制体，并添加刚体组件，修改PlayerController脚本，添加生成子弹的功能：using UnityEngine;

using UnityEngine.Networking;

public class PlayerController : NetworkBehaviour

{

    public GameObject bulletPrefab;

    public Transform bulletSpawn;

    void Update()

    {

        if (!isLocalPlayer)

        {

            return;

        }

        var x = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal") * Time.deltaTime * 150.0f;

        var z = Input.GetAxis("Vertical") * Time.deltaTime * 3.0f;

        transform.Rotate(0, x, 0);

        transform.Translate(0, 0, z);

        if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Space))

        {

            Fire();

        }

    }

    void Fire()

    {

        // Create the Bullet from the Bullet Prefab

        var bullet = (GameObject)Instantiate(

            bulletPrefab,

            bulletSpawn.position,

            bulletSpawn.rotation);

        // Add velocity to the bullet

        bullet.GetComponent<RigidBody>().velocity = bullet.transform.forward * 6;

        // Destroy the bullet after 2 seconds

        Destroy(bullet, 2.0f);        

    }

    public override void OnStartLocalPlayer ()

    {

        GetComponent<MeshRenderer>().material.color = Color.blue;

    }

}，将子弹预制体和子弹生成点拖入到脚本上

十一、多人在线射击。

在子弹上添加NetwordIdentity,NetworkTransform.并将NetWorkTranform中的NetworkSendRate

设置为一，NetWorkIdentity上LocalPlayerAuthorit设置为True.

此时进一步修改PlayerController脚本，实现只创建本地。

using UnityEngine;

using UnityEngine.Networking;

public class PlayerController : NetworkBehaviour

{

    public GameObject bulletPrefab;

    public Transform bulletSpawn;

    void Update()

    {

        if (!isLocalPlayer)

        {

            return;

        }

        var x = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal") * Time.deltaTime * 150.0f;

        var z = Input.GetAxis("Vertical") * Time.deltaTime * 3.0f;

        transform.Rotate(0, x, 0);

        transform.Translate(0, 0, z);

        if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Space))

        {

            CmdFire();

        }

    }

    // This [Command] code is called on the Client …

    // … but it is run on the Server!

    [Command]

    void CmdFire()

    {

        // Create the Bullet from the Bullet Prefab

        var bullet = (GameObject)Instantiate(

            bulletPrefab,

            bulletSpawn.position,

            bulletSpawn.rotation);

        // Add velocity to the bullet

        bullet.GetComponent<Rigidbody>().velocity = bullet.transform.forward * 6;

        // Spawn the bullet on the Clients

        NetworkServer.Spawn(bullet);

        // Destroy the bullet after 2 seconds

        Destroy(bullet, 2.0f);

    }

    public override void OnStartLocalPlayer ()

    {

        GetComponent<MeshRenderer>().material.color = Color.blue;

    }

}

（RemoteActionshttps://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/UNetActions.html?_ga=1.170381669.433409425.1476685957 

Object Spawning https://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/UNetSpawning.html?_ga=1.125296335.433409425.1476685957）

十二，本地人物血量。

添加子弹逻辑代码，实现碰撞后销毁子弹

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class Bullet : MonoBehaviour {
   
    void OnCollisionEnter()
    {
        Destroy(gameObject);
    }

}

添加人物血量脚本，并有受到攻击掉血的方法。

using UnityEngine;

public class Health : MonoBehaviour

{

    public const int maxHealth = 100;

    public int currentHealth = maxHealth;

    public void TakeDamage(int amount)

    {

        currentHealth -= amount;

        if (currentHealth <= 0)

        {

            currentHealth = 0;

            Debug.Log("Dead!");

        }

    }

}

当子弹和人物发生碰撞时，需要调用人物Heath脚本的TackDamage方法，修改子弹脚本为：

using UnityEngine;

using System.Collections;

public class Bullet : MonoBehaviour

{

    void OnCollisionEnter(Collision collision)

    {

        var hit = collision.gameObject;

        var health = hit.GetComponent<Health>();

        if (health != null)

        {

            health.TakeDamage(10);

        }

        Destroy(gameObject);

    }

}

添加世界座标中血量条，增加一个3维canvas,作为Player的子物体，命名为HealthBarCanvas.将大小设置为（0.01，0.01，0.01）座标设置为(0,1.5,0).添加两个Image分别命名为Background和Foreground，颜色设置为红色和蓝色，设置父子关系，将Forground的中心点设置为（0，0.5）锚点设置为(0，0.5)（0，0.5）。

修改Health脚本更新血量显示

using UnityEngine;

public class Health : MonoBehaviour

{

    public const int maxHealth = 100;

    public int currentHealth = maxHealth;

    public RectTransform healthBar;

    public void TakeDamage(int amount)

    {

        currentHealth -= amount;

        if (currentHealth <= 0)

        {

            currentHealth = 0;

            Debug.Log("Dead!");

        }

        healthBar.sizeDelta = new Vector2(currentHealth, healthBar.sizeDelta.y);

    }

}

记得将血条foreground赋予脚本。

血条需要看到摄像机才行，在血条上添加脚本Billboard

using UnityEngine;

using System.Collections;

public class Billboard : MonoBehaviour {

    void Update () {

        transform.LookAt(Camera.main.transform);

    }

}

此时由于血量没有进行同步，子弹虽然在每个客户端里者存在，但由于碰撞的不同血量可能会完全不同

十三、血量同步

（Network System Concepts：https://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/UNetConcepts.html?_ga=1.136705525.433409425.1476685957）

修改Health脚本修改为掉血只在服务端运行，然后通过    [SyncVar]  来进行变量同步到客户端。

using UnityEngine;

using UnityEngine.UI;

using UnityEngine.Networking;

using System.Collections;

public class Health : NetworkBehaviour

{

    public const int maxHealth = 100;

    [SyncVar]

    public int currentHealth = maxHealth;

    public RectTransform healthBar;

    public void TakeDamage(int amount)

    {

        if (!isServer)

        {

            return;

        }

        currentHealth -= amount;

        if (currentHealth <= 0)

        {

            currentHealth = 0;

            Debug.Log("Dead!");

        }

        healthBar.sizeDelta = new Vector2(currentHealth, healthBar.sizeDelta.y);

    }

}

当作服务端的客户端运行时可以看到血量的变化，因为currentHealth虽然同步了，但并没有触发血量变化的事件。利用 SyncVar hook 可以在变量发生变化后，同步到UI.

Health脚本修改为如下 ：

十四，重生

在服务端调用 ClientRpc 同步到客户端（和Command相反）

实现当血量小于0时，在原点满血复活效果（如果服务端仅仅将某个Player重置到原点，客户端会因为NetWorkTransform重写这个Player的座标）

using UnityEngine;

using UnityEngine.UI;

using UnityEngine.Networking;

using System.Collections;

public class Health : NetworkBehaviour

{

    public const int maxHealth = 100;

    [SyncVar(hook = "OnChangeHealth")]

    public int currentHealth = maxHealth;

    public RectTransform healthBar;

    public void TakeDamage(int amount)

    {

        if (!isServer)

            return;

        currentHealth -= amount;

        if (currentHealth <= 0)

        {

            currentHealth = maxHealth;

            // called on the Server, but invoked on the Clients

            RpcRespawn();

        }

    }

    void OnChangeHealth(int currentHealth)

    {

        healthBar.sizeDelta = new Vector2(currentHealth, healthBar.sizeDelta.y);

    }

    [ClientRpc]

    void RpcRespawn()

    {

        if (isLocalPlayer)

        {

            // move back to zero location

            transform.position = Vector3.zero;

        }

    }

}

（RemoteActionshttps://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/UNetActions.html?_ga=1.170381669.433409425.1476685957）

十四，非Player对象的同步

非Player的游戏对象由Server来控制，下面以ai敌人为例。

创建一个EnemySpawner空物体，NetworkIdentity 设置 Server Only为True,添加EnemySpawner 脚本来随机生成敌人 ，重写 OnStartServer方法

using UnityEngine;

using UnityEngine.Networking;

public class EnemySpawner : NetworkBehaviour

{

    public GameObject enemyPrefab;

    public int numberOfEnemies;

    public override void OnStartServer()

    {

        for (int i = 0; i < numberOfEnemies; i++)

        {

            var spawnPosition = new Vector3(

                Random.Range(-8.0f, 8.0f),

                0.0f,

                Random.Range(-8.0f, 8.0f));

            var spawnRotation = Quaternion.Euler(

                0.0f,

                Random.Range(0, 180),

                0.0f);

            var enemy = (GameObject)Instantiate(enemyPrefab, spawnPosition, spawnRotation);

            NetworkServer.Spawn(enemy);

        }

    }

}

(NetWorkBehaiver:https://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/class-NetworkBehaviour.html?_ga=1.158241279.433409425.1476685957)

制作敌人，将场景中的Player去掉PlayerController并适当修改造型后，拖回到Project面版中并命名为Enemy。

然后将Enemy赋予EnemySpawner并注册到NetWorkManager中的SpawnInfo的Spanwnableprefab中（注意Enemy的NetWorkIdentity还是需要选择LocalPlayerAuthority,才能同步到每个场景中）

十五、销毁敌人

攻击敌人到血量为0是，要上敌人销毁，只需要将Health做适当修改:(提供destroyOnDeath可选择)

using UnityEngine;

using UnityEngine.UI;

using UnityEngine.Networking;

using System.Collections;

public class Health : NetworkBehaviour

{

    public const int maxHealth = 100;

    public bool destroyOnDeath;

    [SyncVar(hook = "OnChangeHealth")]

    public int currentHealth = maxHealth;

    public RectTransform healthBar;

    public void TakeDamage(int amount)

    {

        if (!isServer)

            return;

        currentHealth -= amount;

        if (currentHealth <= 0)

        {

            if (destroyOnDeath)

            {

                Destroy(gameObject);

            }

            else

            {

                currentHealth = maxHealth;

                // called on the Server, will be invoked on the Clients

                RpcRespawn();

            }

        }

    }

    void OnChangeHealth(int currentHealth)

    {

        healthBar.sizeDelta = new Vector2(currentHealth, healthBar.sizeDelta.y);

    }

    [ClientRpc]

    void RpcRespawn()

    {

        if (isLocalPlayer)

        {

            // Set the player’s position to origin

            transform.position = Vector3.zero;

        }

    }

}

十六、生成与再生成

游戏对象生成点的控制可以利用 NetworkStartPosition 来实现，只需要在从预先设置好座标点，当Player生成时，就可以选择性的在这些点之间进行生成。

同时，NetworkManager身上有 Random and Round Robin两和生成方式，分别是随机在生成点之间进行生成，和顺序在这些点之间生成。

当需要重新设置生成点，则需要用用户自行找到生成点。

using UnityEngine;

using UnityEngine.UI;

using UnityEngine.Networking;

using System.Collections;

public class Health : NetworkBehaviour

{

    public const int maxHealth = 100;

    public bool destroyOnDeath;

    [SyncVar(hook = "OnChangeHealth")]

    public int currentHealth = maxHealth;

    public RectTransform healthBar;

    private NetworkStartPosition[] spawnPoints;

    void Start()

    {

        if (isLocalPlayer)

        {

            spawnPoints = FindObjectsOfType<NetworkStartPosition>();

        }

    }

    public void TakeDamage(int amount)

    {

        if (!isServer)

            return;

        currentHealth -= amount;

        if (currentHealth <= 0)

        {

            if (destroyOnDeath)

            {

                Destroy(gameObject);

            }

            else

            {

                currentHealth = maxHealth;

                // called on the Server, invoked on the Clients

                RpcRespawn();

            }

        }

    }

    void OnChangeHealth(int currentHealth)

    {

        healthBar.sizeDelta = new Vector2(currentHealth, healthBar.sizeDelta.y);

    }

    [ClientRpc]

    void RpcRespawn()

    {

        if (isLocalPlayer)

        {

            // Set the spawn point to origin as a default value

            Vector3 spawnPoint = Vector3.zero;

            // If there is a spawn point array and the array is not empty, pick one at random

            if (spawnPoints != null && spawnPoints.Length > 0)

            {

                spawnPoint = spawnPoints[Random.Range(0, spawnPoints.Length)].transform.position;

            }

            // Set the player’s position to the chosen spawn point

            transform.position = spawnPoint;

        }

    }

}