『MySql 』編碼設置

MySQL 4.1的字符集支持(Character Set Support)有兩個方面：字符集(Character set)和排序方式(Collation)。對於字符集的支持細化到四個層次: 服務器(server)，數據庫(database)，數據表(table)和連接(connection)。

查看系統的字符集和排序方式的設定可以通過下面的兩條命令或mysql> status 。

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | latin1 |
| character_set_connection | latin1 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_results | latin1 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'collation_%';
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci |
+----------------------+-------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

上面列出的值就是系統的默認值。(很奇怪系統怎麼默認是latin1的瑞典語排序方式)...

當我們按照原來的方式通過PHP存取MySQL數據庫時，就算設置了表的默認字符集爲utf8並且通過UTF-8編碼發送查詢，你會發現存入數據庫的仍然是亂碼。問題就出在這個connection連接層上。解決方法是在發送查詢前執行一下下面這句：

1.  SET NAMES 'utf8';

它相當於下面的三句指令：
SET character_set_client = utf8;
SET character_set_results = utf8;
SET character_set_connection = utf8;

2. 創建數據庫
mysql> create database name character set utf8;

3. 創建表
CREATE TABLE `type` (
`id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment,
`flag_deleted` enum('Y','N') character set utf8 NOT NULL default 'N',
`flag_type` int(5) NOT NULL default '0',
`type_name` varchar(50) character set utf8 NOT NULL default '',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)  DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

4. 修改數據庫成utf8的.
mysql> alter database name character set utf8;

5. 修改表默認用utf8.
mysql> alter table type character set utf8;

6. 修改字段用utf8
mysql> alter table type modify type_name varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8;

參考：http://xyfxh.spaces.live.com/Blog/cns!4EFEB1E6EFF8C824!151.entry

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