基於CentOS搭建WordPress個人博客

1. 準備 LNMP 環境

LNMP 是 Linux、Nginx、MySQL 和 PHP 的縮寫，是 WordPress 博客系統依賴的基礎運行環境。我們先來準備 LNMP 環境

安裝 Nginx

使用 yum 安裝 Nginx：

yum install nginx -y

修改 /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf，去除對 IPv6 地址的監聽，可參考下面的示例：

server {
    listen       80 default_server;
    # listen       [::]:80 default_server;
    server_name  _;
    root         /usr/share/nginx/html;

    # Load configuration files for the default server block.
    include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

    location / {
    }

    error_page 404 /404.html;
        location = /40x.html {
    }

    error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
    }

}

修改完成後，啓動 Nginx：

nginx

此時，可訪問雲服務器外網 HTTP 服務（http://yourdomain.com）來確認是否已經安裝成功。

將 Nginx 設置爲開機自動啓動：

chkconfig nginx on

安裝 MySQL

使用 yum 安裝 MySQL：
```
yum install mysql-server -y
```
安裝完成後，啓動 MySQL 服務：
```
service mysqld restart
```
設置 MySQL 賬戶 root 密碼：
```
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'MyPas$word4Word_Press'
```
將 MySQL 設置爲開機自動啓動：
```
chkconfig mysqld on
```
安裝 PHP

使用 yum 安裝 PHP：
```
yum install php-fpm php-mysql -y
```
安裝之後，啓動 PHP-FPM 進程：
```
service php-fpm start
```
啓動之後，可以使用下面的命令查看 PHP-FPM 進程監聽哪個端口
```
netstat -nlpt | grep php-fpm
```
把 PHP-FPM 也設置成開機自動啓動：
```
chkconfig php-fpm on
```

2. 安裝並配置 WordPress

安裝 WordPress

配置好 LNMP 環境後，繼續使用 yum 來安裝 WordPress：
```
yum install wordpress -y
```
安裝完成後，就可以在 /usr/share/wordpress 看到 WordPress 的源代碼了。

由於上面的安裝方法默認安裝的是英文版，所以我們還要下載中文語言包，如果不需要中文安裝可跳過此步驟
```
wget https://cn.wordpress.org/wordpress-4.8.1-zh_CN.tar.gz
tar -zxvf wordpress*
mv -r wordpress/wp-content/languages /usr/share/wordpress/wp-content
rm -rf wordpress*
```

配置數據庫

進入 MySQL：

mysql -uroot --password='MyPas$word4Word_Press'

爲 WordPress 創建一個數據庫：

CREATE DATABASE wordpress;

MySQL 部分設置完了，我們退出 MySQL 環境：

exit

把上述的 DB 配置同步到 WordPress 的配置文件 wp-config.php 中，可參考下面的配置：

<?php
/**
 * The base configuration for WordPress
 *
 * The wp-config.php creation script uses this file during the
 * installation. You don't have to use the web site, you can
 * copy this file to "wp-config.php" and fill in the values.
 *
 * This file contains the following configurations:
 *
 * * MySQL settings
 * * Secret keys
 * * Database table prefix
 * * ABSPATH
 *
 * @link https://codex.wordpress.org/Editing_wp-config.php
 *
 * @package WordPress
 */

// ** MySQL settings - You can get this info from your web host ** //
/** The name of the database for WordPress */
define('DB_NAME', 'wordpress');

/** MySQL database username */
define('DB_USER', 'root');

/** MySQL database password */
define('DB_PASSWORD', 'MyPas$word4Word_Press');

/** MySQL hostname */
define('DB_HOST', 'localhost');

/** Database Charset to use in creating database tables. */
define('DB_CHARSET', 'utf8');

/** The Database Collate type. Don't change this if in doubt. */
define('DB_COLLATE', '');

define('WPLANG', 'zh_CN');

/**#@+
 * Authentication Unique Keys and Salts.
 *
 * Change these to different unique phrases!
 * You can generate these using the {@link https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt/ WordPress.org secret-key service}
 * You can change these at any point in time to invalidate all existing cookies. This will force all users to have to log in again.
 *
 * @since 2.6.0
 */
define('AUTH_KEY',         'put your unique phrase here');
define('SECURE_AUTH_KEY',  'put your unique phrase here');
define('LOGGED_IN_KEY',    'put your unique phrase here');
define('NONCE_KEY',        'put your unique phrase here');
define('AUTH_SALT',        'put your unique phrase here');
define('SECURE_AUTH_SALT', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('LOGGED_IN_SALT',   'put your unique phrase here');
define('NONCE_SALT',       'put your unique phrase here');

/**#@-*/

/**
 * WordPress Database Table prefix.
 *
 * You can have multiple installations in one database if you give each
 * a unique prefix. Only numbers, letters, and underscores please!
 */
$table_prefix  = 'wp_';

/**
 * See http://make.wordpress.org/core/2013/10/25/the-definitive-guide-to-disabling-auto-updates-in-wordpress-3-7
 */

/* Disable all file change, as RPM base installation are read-only */
define('DISALLOW_FILE_MODS', true);

/* Disable automatic updater, in case you want to allow
   above FILE_MODS for plugins, themes, ... */
define('AUTOMATIC_UPDATER_DISABLED', true);

/* Core update is always disabled, WP_AUTO_UPDATE_CORE value is ignore */

/**
 * For developers: WordPress debugging mode.
 *
 * Change this to true to enable the display of notices during development.
 * It is strongly recommended that plugin and theme developers use WP_DEBUG
 * in their development environments.
 *
 * For information on other constants that can be used for debugging,
 * visit the Codex.
 *
 * @link https://codex.wordpress.org/Debugging_in_WordPress
 */
define('WP_DEBUG', false);

/* That's all, stop editing! Happy blogging. */

/** Absolute path to the WordPress directory. */
if ( !defined('ABSPATH') )
    define('ABSPATH', '/usr/share/wordpress');

/** Sets up WordPress vars and included files. */
require_once(ABSPATH . 'wp-settings.php');

配置 Nginx

WordPress 已經安裝完畢，我們配置 Nginx 把請求轉發給 PHP-FPM 來處理

首先，重命名默認的配置文件：

cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
mv default.conf defaut.conf.bak

在 /etc/nginx/conf.d 創建 wordpress.conf 配置，參考下面的內容：

server {
    listen 80;
    root /usr/share/wordpress;
    location / {
        index index.php index.html index.htm;
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php index.php;
    }
    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    location ~ .php$ {
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}

配置後，通知 Nginx 進程重新加載：

nginx -s reload

大功告成

恭喜，您的 WordPress 博客已經部署完成，您可以通過瀏覽器訪問博客查看效果。博客訪問地址：http://yourdomain.com/wp-admin/install.php

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