从零开始搭建php版苹果push服务器流程

 

 在应用里加入 Push 功能对于用户及时获取信息是非常有帮助的，以前介绍过 iPhone 的 Push (推送通知)功能原理浅析，里面提到要为自己的 App 添加推送功能，开发者先要搭建一个推送服务器。

从零开始的php版push服务器搭建流程:
==============================================================
0.在Mac OS X机器上安装好XCode, 连接一台正常的iPhone, 保持平和的心态

APP 开发基础设置
1.在iPhone Provisioning Portal中建立好APP ID和Device.
2.在Keychain Access.app中生成证书请求CertificateSigningRequest.certSigningRequest(菜单 > Keychain Access > Certificate Assistant > Request a Certificate From a Certificate Authority...).
3.在iPhone Provisioning Portal > Certificates中请求一个证书(点击Request Certificate,上传CertificateSigningRequest.certSigningRequest).
4.请求完成后,将证书文件(developer_identity.cer)下载,双击导入到Key Chain中.
5.在iPhone Provisioning Portal > Provisioning 中,新建一个Profile, 选择指定的APP ID和 Devices后生成.
6.将刚刚生成的Profile下载为*_profile.mobileprovision, 双击该文件, 将profile加载到iPhone中.

Push Notification service设置
7.在iPhone Provisioning Portal > App IDs,选择需要Push服务的App ID, 进入Configure.
8.确认 Enable for Apple Push Notification service ,配置 Development Push SSL Certificate,上传第2步生成的证书请求.
9.下载生成的aps_developer_identity.cer, 完成Push服务配置.
10.双击aps_developer_identity.cer,保存到Key Chain.

生成php Push Notification sender需要的证书文件
11.在Keychain Access.app里选定这个新证书(Apple Development Push Services*),导出到桌面,保存为Certificates.p12.
12.运行如下命令:

    openssl pkcs12 -clcerts -nokeys -out cert.pem -in Certificates.p12 
    openssl pkcs12 -nocerts -out key.pem -in Certificates.p12 
    openssl rsa -in key.pem -out key.unencrypted.pem 
    cat cert.pem key.unencrypted.pem > ck.pem

 

获得php Push Notification sender所需的设备令牌:
13.新建一个View-based Application项目,在$PROJECT_NAMEAppDelegate.m中:
a.粘贴如下代码:

- (void)applicationDidFinishLaunching:(UIApplication *)app { 
    // other setup tasks here…. 
    [window addSubview:viewController.view]; 
    [self alertNotice:@"" withMSG:@"Initiating Remote Noticationss Are Active" cancleButtonTitle:@"Ok" otherButtonTitle:@""]; 
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotificationTypes:(UIRemoteNotificationTypeAlert | UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge |UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound)]; 
} 
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)app didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken { 
    //NSLog(@"devToken=%@",deviceToken); 
    [self alertNotice:@"" withMSG:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"devToken=%@",deviceToken] cancleButtonTitle:@"Ok" otherButtonTitle:@""]; 
} 
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)app didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError:(NSError *)err { 
    NSLog(@"Error in registration. Error: %@", err); 
    [self alertNotice:@"" withMSG:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Error in registration. Error: %@", err] cancleButtonTitle:@"Ok" otherButtonTitle:@""]; 
} 
-(void)alertNotice:(NSString *)title withMSG:(NSString *)msg cancleButtonTitle:(NSString *)cancleTitle otherButtonTitle:(NSString *)otherTitle{ 
    UIAlertView *alert; 
    if([otherTitle isEqualToString:@""]) 
        alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:title message:msg delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:cancleTitle otherButtonTitles:nil,nil]; 
    else 
        alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:title message:msg delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:cancleTitle otherButtonTitles:otherTitle,nil]; 
    [alert show]; 
    [alert release]; 
}

b.在 - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions { 方法中增加

    [self alertNotice:@"" withMSG:@"Initiating Remote Noticationss Are Active" cancleButtonTitle:@"Ok" otherButtonTitle:@""]; 
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotificationTypes:(UIRemoteNotificationTypeAlert | UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge |UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound)];

14.项目设置
a.Targets > $APP_NAME > context menu > Properties > Identifier
    修改 identifier 为App ID
b.Targets > $APP_NAME > context menu > Build > Code Signing > Code Signing Identifier > Any iPhone OS Device
    指定 iPhone Developer 为开发用机
15.编译并运行后会在iPhone上显示设备令牌

16.php Push Notification sender代码如下:

<?php 
$deviceToken = "设备令牌"; 

$body = array("aps" => array("alert" => 'message', "badge" => 1, "sound" => 'received5.caf')); 

$ctx = stream_context_create(); 
stream_context_set_option($ctx, "ssl", "local_cert", "ck.pem"); 

$fp = stream_socket_client("ssl://gateway.sandbox.push.apple.com:2195", $err, $errstr, 60, STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT, $ctx); 
if (!$fp) { 
    print "Failed to connect $err $errstrn"; 
    return; 
} 
print "Connection OK\n"; 
$payload = json_encode($body); 
$msg = chr(0) . pack("n",32) . pack('H*', str_replace(' ', '', $deviceToken)) . pack("n",strlen($payload)) . $payload; 
print "sending message :" . $payload . "\n"; 
fwrite($fp, $msg); 
fclose($fp); 
?>

 

APNs 是一个基于流的 TCP socket，你的 provider 以 SSL 协议与其通讯。推送通知（包括载体）是以二进制流的方式发送的。和APNs 建立连接后，你可以维持该连接并在连接中断之前发送多个通知。

技巧： 应避免每发送一次推送通知就建立、关闭一次连接。频繁的建立、关闭连接可能会被 APNs 认为是 DOS 攻击，从而拒绝发送 provider 的推送通知发送请求。