2020 MCM Problem C 詳細翻譯
2020 MCM Weekend 2 Problem C: A Wealth of Data
2020年MCM週末2問題C：數據的財富
In the online marketplace it created, Amazon provides customers with an opportunity to rate and review purchases. Individual ratings - called “star ratings” – allow purchasers to express their level of satisfaction with a product using a scale of 1 (low rated, low satisfaction) to 5 (highly rated, high satisfaction). Additionally, customers can submit text-based messages – called “reviews” – that express further opinions and information about the product. Other customers can submit ratings on these reviews as being helpful or not – called a “helpfulness rating” – towards assisting their own product purchasing decision. Companies use these data to gain insights into the markets in which they participate, the timing of that participation, and the potential success of product design feature choices.
在其創建的在線市場中，亞馬遜爲客戶提供了對購買進行評分和評價的機會。個人評級-稱爲“星級”-使購買者可以使用1（低評級，低滿意度）到5（高評級，高滿意度）的等級來表示他們對產品的滿意度。此外，客戶可以提交基於文本的消息（稱爲“評論”），以表達有關產品的更多意見和信息。其他客戶可以在這些評論中提交有幫助或無幫助的評分（稱爲“幫助評分”），以協助他們自己的產品購買決策。公司使用這些數據來深入瞭解其參與的市場，參與的時間以及產品設計功能選擇的潛在成功。
Sunshine Company is planning to introduce and sell three new products in the online marketplace: a microwave oven, a baby pacifier, and a hair dryer. They have hired your team as consultants to identify key patterns, relationships, measures, and parameters in past customersupplied ratings and reviews associated with other competing products to 1) inform their online sales strategy and 2) identify potentially important design features that would enhance product desirability. Sunshine Company has used data to inform sales strategies in the past, but they have not previously used this particular combination and type of data. Of particular interest to Sunshine Company are time-based patterns in these data, and whether they interact in ways that will help the company craft successful products.
陽光公司計劃在在線市場上推出和銷售三種新產品：微波爐，嬰兒奶嘴和吹風機.他們已聘請您的團隊作爲顧問，以識別過去客戶提供的與其他競爭產品相關的評分和評論的關鍵模式，關係，度量和參數，以：1）告知其在線銷售策略； 2）確定潛在的重要設計特徵，以提高產品的吸引力。Sunshine Company過去曾使用數據爲銷售策略提供信息，但他們以前從未使用過這種特殊的組合和數據類型。Sunshine Company特別感興趣的是這些數據中的基於時間的模式，以及它們是否以有助於該公司製造成功產品的方式進行交互。
To assist you, Sunshine’s data center has provided you with three data files for this project: hair_dryer.tsv, microwave.tsv, and pacifier.tsv. These data represent customer-supplied ratings and reviews for microwave ovens, baby pacifiers, and hair dryers sold in the Amazon marketplace over the time period(s) indicated in the data. A glossary of data label definitions is provided as well. THE DATA FILES PROVIDED CONTAIN THE ONLY DATA YOU SHOULD USE FOR THIS PROBLEM.
爲了幫助您，Sunshine的數據中心爲您提供了該項目的三個數據文件：hair_dryer.tsv，microwave.tsv和pacifier.tsv。這些數據代表在數據指示的時間段內在Amazon市場上出售的微波爐，嬰兒奶嘴和吹風機的客戶提供的評分和評論。還提供了數據標籤定義的詞彙表。提供的數據文件包含您應用於此問題的唯一數據。
Requirements 要求
-
Analyze the three product data sets provided to identify, describe, and support with mathematical evidence, meaningful quantitative and/or qualitative patterns, relationships, measures, and parameters within and between star ratings, reviews, and helpfulness ratings that will help Sunshine Company succeed in their three new online marketplace product offerings.
1.分析提供的三個產品數據集，以使用數學證據來識別，描述和支持有意義的定量和/或定性模式，關係，量度和參數，這些數據將在有助於評估陽光公司的星級，評論和幫助等級之內和之間在三個新的在線市場產品中都取得了成功。 -
Use your analysis to address the following specific questions and requests from the Sunshine Company Marketing Director:
2.使用您的分析解決陽光公司市場總監的以下特定問題和要求：
- a. Identify data measures based on ratings and reviews that are most informative for Sunshine Company to track, once their three products are placed on sale in the online marketplace.
- a. 一旦三種產品在在線市場上出售後，根據評級和評論來識別數據度量，這對於Sunshine Company最爲有用。
- b. Identify and discuss time-based measures and patterns within each data set that might suggest that a product’s reputation is increasing or decreasing in the online marketplace.
- b. 在每個數據集中識別並討論基於時間的度量和模式，這些度量和模式可能表明產品在在線市場中的聲譽在上升或下降。
- c. Determine combinations of text-based measure(s) and ratings-based measures that best indicate a potentially successful or failing product.
- c. 確定最能表明潛在成功或失敗產品的基於文本的度量和基於評級的度量的組合。
- d. Do specific star ratings incite more reviews? For example, are customers more likely to write some type of review after seeing a series of low star ratings?
- d. 特定的星級評級是否會引發更多的評論?例如，在看到一系列的低星級評價後，客戶更有可能寫一些評論嗎?
- e. Are specific quality descriptors of text-based reviews such as ‘enthusiastic’,‘disappointed’, and others, strongly associated with rating levels?
- e. 基於文本的評論的特定質量描述符，如“熱情”、“失望”等，是否與評級水平密切相關?
- Write a one- to two-page letter to the Marketing Director of Sunshine Company summarizing your team’s analysis and results. Include specific justification(s) for the result that your team most confidently recommends to the Marketing Director.
3.寫一兩頁的信給陽光公司的市場總監，總結您團隊的分析和結果。包括針對您的團隊最有信心地推薦給市場總監的結果的具體理由。
Your submission should consist of:
- One-page Summary Sheet
- Table of Contents
- One- to Two-page Letter
- Your solution of no more than 20 pages, for a maximum of 24 pages with your summary sheet, table of contents, and two-page letter.
你的意見書應包括: - 一頁摘要頁
- 目錄
- 一至兩頁的信件
- 你的解決方案不超過20頁，最多24頁，包括你的摘要表、目錄和兩頁的信。
Note: Reference List and any appendices do not count toward the page limit and should appear after your completed solution. You should not make use of unauthorized images and materials whose use is restricted by copyright laws. Ensure you cite the sources for your ideas and the materials used in your report.
注意：參考列表和任何附錄不計入頁數限制，應在完成解決方案後出現。您不應使用未經版權法限制使用的未經授權的圖像和材料。確保您引用了想法的來源和報告中使用的材料。
Glossary 詞彙表
-
Helpfulness Rating: an indication of how valuable a particular product review is when making a decision whether or not to purchase that product…
幫助等級：表示在決定是否購買該產品時特定產品評論的價值。 -
Pacifier: a rubber or plastic soothing device, often nipple shaped, given to a baby to suck or bite on.
奶嘴：一種橡膠或塑料的舒緩裝置，通常爲乳頭狀，提供給嬰兒吸吮或咬咬。 -
Review: a written evaluation of a product.
審查：對產品的書面評估。 -
Star Rating: a score given in a system that allows people to rate a product with a number of stars.
星級：在系統中給出的分數，該分數使人們可以對具有多個星級的產品進行評分。
Attachments 附件：問題數據集
Problem_C_Data.zip The three data sets provided contain product user ratings and reviews extracted from the Amazon Customer Reviews Dataset thru Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3). hair_dryer.tsv microwave.tsv pacifier.tsv Data Set Definitions: Each row represents data partitioned into the following columns.
Problem_C_Data.zip提供的三個數據集包含產品用戶評分和通過Amazon Simple Storage Service（Amazon S3）從Amazon客戶評論數據集提取的評論。 hair_dryer.tsv微波.tsv pacifier.tsv數據集定義：每行代表劃分爲以下各列的數據。
● marketplace (string): 2 letter country code of the marketplace where the review was written.
●市場（字符串）：撰寫評論的市場的2個字母的國家代碼。
● customer_id (string): Random identifier that can be used to aggregate reviews written by a single author.
●customer_id（字符串）：隨機標識符，可用於彙總單個作者撰寫的評論。
● review_id (string): The unique ID of the review.
●review_id（字符串）：評論的唯一ID。
● product_id (string): The unique Product ID the review pertains to.
●product_id（字符串）：審覈所屬的唯一產品ID。
● product_parent (string): Random identifier that can be used to aggregate reviews for the same product.
●product_parent（字符串）：隨機標識符，可用於彙總同一產品的評論。
● product_title (string): Title of the product.
●product_title（字符串）：產品的標題。
● product_category (string): The major consumer category for the product.
●product_category（字符串）：產品的主要消費者類別。
● star_rating (int): The 1-5 star rating of the review.
●star_rating（int）：評論的1-5星評級。
● helpful_votes (int): Number of helpful votes.
●helpful_votes（int）：有用的投票數。
● total_votes (int): Number of total votes the review received.
●total_votes（int）：評論收到的總票數。
● vine (string): Customers are invited to become Amazon Vine Voices based on the trust that they have earned in the Amazon community for writing accurate and insightful reviews. Amazon provides Amazon Vine members with free copies of products that have been submitted to the program by vendors. Amazon doesn’t influence the opinions of Amazon Vine members, nor do they modify or edit reviews.
●vine（字符串）：基於客戶在撰寫準確而有見地的評論方面所獲得的信任，邀請客戶成爲Amazon Vine Voices。亞馬遜爲Amazon Vine成員提供了供應商已提交給該程序的產品的免費副本。Amazon不會影響Amazon Vine成員的意見，也不會修改或編輯評論。
● verified_purchase (string): A “Y” indicates Amazon verified that the person writing the review purchased the product at Amazon and didn’t receive the product at a deep discount.
●verify_purchase（字符串）：“ Y”表示亞馬遜已驗證撰寫評論的人在亞馬遜上購買了該產品，並且沒有以大幅折扣收到該產品。
● review_headline (string): The title of the review.
●review_headline（字符串）：評論的標題。
● review_body (string): The review text.
●review_body（字符串）：評論文本。
● review_date (bigint): The date the review was written.
●review_date（bigint）：撰寫評論的日期。