OpenCV：安装opencv-3.1.0和opencv_contrib-3.1.0

在Windows10中配置OpenCV环境

软件平台：Windows 10、CMake 3.13.4和Qt 5.11.3

下载opencv项目

下载Windows版本的OpenCV-3.1.0：https://sourceforge.net/projects/opencvlibrary/files/opencv-win/3.1.0/opencv-3.1.0.exe/download

下载的文件为：opencv-3.1.0.exe，其是一个压缩文件，双击之，将其解压至一个选定的文件夹中。如下为项目的文件结构，其中，一个为build文件夹，一个为sources文件夹，build为一个标准的项目构建目录，它适用于一般的情况。而如果build不适用时，可选择编译sources中的源代码，以生成一个适合自己系统使用的，和build类似的构建目录。

本系统将使用的，用于编译项目的Qt编译套件为：Qt 5.11.3 MinGW 5.3.0 32bit，为了顾名思义，在与build的同路径中，新建一个构建目录mingw530，以存储相关的编译文件和安装文件。

使用CMake工具对opencv项目进行构建与分析

由于OpenCV是一个cmake项目，所以要编译OpenCV源码，需要先安装cmake工具。在安装了cmake工具后，可通过如下的步骤，对opencv项目进行构建与分析。

打开CMake(cmake-gui)

选定源代码路径和构建目录路径

第一行为源代码路径，选择..\opencv\sources文件夹，本系统的为：D:\Software\opencv\sources。第二行为项目构建目录，此目录存储了cmake、make和install输出的相关文件，路径位置可自选，本系统的为：D:\Software\opencv\mingw530。

选定源代码路径和构建目录路径后，点击Configure，以配置项目。第一次点击Configure时，会出现如下的界面，用于设置生成器和编译器。

选择MinGW Makefiles和Specify native compilers，并点击Next。

为项目选择代码编译器，此处将选择Qt中Tools下Qt 5.11.3 MinGW 5.3.0 32bit编译套件中的C/C++编译器。本系统的C/C++编译器路径为：C编译器：D:/Software/Qt/Qt5.11.3/Tools/mingw530_32/bin/gcc.exe，C++编译器：D:/Software/Qt/Qt5.11.3/Tools/mingw530_32/bin/g++.exe，具体的路径可根据Qt安装路径修改。点击Finish。
。

等待一会，待Configure完后，在输出的cmake选项中，选择WITH_QT(选择Qt支持)和WITH_OPENGL，然后，再一次点击Configure进行项目配置。配置结束后，点击Generate，以生成用于编译的相关文件。待Configure和Generate这两步完成后，关闭掉CMake(cmake-gui)界面，然后开始对项目进行编译与安装。

编译与安装

本系统将使用Qt 5.11.3 MinGW 5.3.0 32bit编译套件编译与安装opencv项目，其编译和安装命令分别为：mingw32-make和mingw32-make install

定位

# 打开命令行窗口，并定位至项目的构建目录
# 本系统的在：D:\Software\opencv\mingw530
#
cd d:
cd Software/opencv/mingw530

编译

mingw32-make

安装

# 项目的安装目录默认在构建目录下的install文件夹中
# 本系统的在：D:/Software/opencvmingw530/install
#
mingw32-make install

配置环境变量

在系统环境变量Path中加入：D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\bin;D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\bin;

如此，对opencv的编译、安装与配置就完成了！

如下为构建目录mingw530的文件结构，其中，文件夹install就存储了我们以后将要使用的相关安装文件

打开项目的安装文件夹install，如下为install的文件结构，其中，include中包含的是项目头文件，x86中包含的是项目库文件。而头文件与库文件就是调用一个库所必需的两类型文件。

要在程序中使用opencv，只要在项目中添加相关头文件与库文件的路径即可，如下即为opencv项目的相关头文件与库文件

要在Qt项目中使用opencv，需要在项目的项目管理文件.pro中，添加以下代码，以完成往程序中添加相关头文件与库文件的操作(这些代码包含了opencv项目的所有头文件与库文件)

# 添加opencv项目的所有头文件
#
INCLUDEPATH += D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\include \
               D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\include\opencv \
               D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\include\opencv2
               
# 添加opencv项目的所有库文件
#
LIBS += D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_calib3d310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_core310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_features2d310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_flann310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_highgui310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_imgcodecs310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_imgproc310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_ml310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_objdetect310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_photo310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_shape310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_stitching310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_superres310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_ts310.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_video310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_videoio310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_videostab310.dll.a

测试opencv

基于qmake构建工具，新建一个Qt控制台应用(项目管理文件的后缀为：.pro)：test

新建文件或项目–>Application–>Qt Console Application–>项目名称：test–>一路next下去

测试项目的结构

./test
   |
   +---build
   |
   +---images
   |      |
   |      +---1.jpg
   |
   +---main.cpp
   |
   +---test.pro
   |
   +---test.pro.user

代码清单：main.cpp

#include<iostream>
#include<string>

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main()
{
  cv::Mat img;
  //根据图像的目录进行修改，记得用转义字符'\\'
  string filePath="..\\images\\1.jpg";
  img =cv::imread(filePath,IMREAD_COLOR);

  //判断图像文件是否正确读取
  if(img.data==nullptr)
  {
    cerr<<"文件："<<filePath<<"，不存在！"<<endl;
    return 0;
  }

  //读取图像的宽、高和通道信息
  cout<<"图像宽为："<<img.cols<<",";
  cout<<"高为："<<img.rows<<",";
  cout<<"通道为："<<img.channels()<<endl;

  cv::namedWindow("An image",WINDOW_NORMAL);
  cv::resizeWindow("An image",800,450);
  cv::imshow("An image",img);

  cv::waitKey(0);

  return 0;
}

往项目的项目管理文件test.pro中添加以下的opencv头文件与库文件包含代码，这些包含代码可根据opencv项目安装情况的不同而做出相应的修改

INCLUDEPATH += D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\include \
               D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\include\opencv \
               D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\include\opencv2

LIBS += D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_calib3d310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_core310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_features2d310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_flann310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_highgui310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_imgcodecs310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_imgproc310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_ml310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_objdetect310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_photo310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_shape310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_stitching310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_superres310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_ts310.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_video310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_videoio310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_videostab310.dll.a

程序的运行结果

安装opencv_contrib模块

下载opencv-3.1.0对应的opencv_contrib-3.1.0模块：https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/tree/3.1.0。下载下来的是一个压缩包：opencv_contrib-3.1.0.zip，将其解压后，把其放到opencv的源代码中。

打开cmake-gui，选择之前安装opencv-3.1.0时设置好的源码路径和构建目录路径。选择好相应的路径后，会出现如下的界面，在中间的方框中，定位于OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH项，在其后面添加opencv_contrib中的模块路径，本系统的为：D:\Software\opencv\sources\opencv_contrib-3.1.0\modules，注意，是精确至\modules。设置好路径后，点击界面左下方的Configure，待配置完后，如果中间处可能还会有红色的块，那继续点击Configure进行配置（一般会点击两次Configure），直到中间处的所有项都变白为止。至此，进行下一步，点击Generate，以生成相应的用于编译的文件，如果结束后，提示Generate Done，那么整个安装opencv_contrib模块的过程就成功一半了。

打开一个命令行窗口，并定位于opencv的构建目录，然后，输入编译命令：mingw32-make对项目进行编译。

编译成功后，输入安装命令：mingw32-make install对项目进行安装。

安装成功后，opencv_contrib模块就编译且安装成功了。

如下为安装了opencv_contrib模块后的库文件夹中的内容。与安装opencv_contrib模块之前相比，无疑增加了许多内容。

在Qt项目中使用opencv时，往项目的项目管理文件.pro中，添加的头文件与库文件包含命令需作出如下的更新。

# 添加opencv项目的所有头文件
#
INCLUDEPATH += D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\include \
               D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\include\opencv \
               D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\include\opencv2

# 添加opencv项目的所有库文件
#
LIBS += D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_aruco310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_bgsegm310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_bioinspired310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_calib3d310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_ccalib310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_core310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_cvv310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_datasets310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_dnn310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_dpm310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_face310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_features2d310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_flann310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_fuzzy310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_highgui310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_imgcodecs310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_imgproc310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_line_descriptor310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_ml310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_objdetect310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_optflow310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_photo310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_plot310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_reg310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_rgbd310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_saliency310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_shape310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_stereo310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_stitching310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_structured_light310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_superres310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_surface_matching310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_text310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_tracking310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_ts310.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_video310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_videoio310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_videostab310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_xfeatures2d310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_ximgproc310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_xobjdetect310.dll.a \
        D:\Software\opencv\mingw530\install\x86\mingw\lib\libopencv_xphoto310.dll.a

在Ubuntu14.04中配置OpenCV环境

参考文档

windows10下安装opencv3.2+QT Creator+MingGW：https://blog.csdn.net/a8039974/article/details/80572806