基於FPGA的打地鼠小遊戲設計
1、一個.v文件，便於讀者理解和使用；
2、遊戲思路相關說明：
-
VGA顯示九宮格（地鼠洞穴）
-
綠色色塊（地鼠）、擊中地鼠（色塊變紅）
-
可調地鼠數量和地鼠出現速度
-
倒計時至零或數量達關卡目標即遊戲結束；
3、使用資源：板載的5個按鍵、一個用於復位的撥碼開關；
4、阿汪先生用的板子型號爲：xc7a35tcsg324-1 。
下列所有代碼可直接在各FPGA板上運行
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Company:
// Engineer:
//
// Create Date: 2019/05/21 09:48:34
// Design Name:
// Module Name: VGA00
// Project Name:
// Target Devices:
// Tool Versions:
// Description:
//
// Dependencies:
//
// Revision:
// Revision 0.01 - File Created
// Additional Comments:
//
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module VGA(clock,switch,disp_RGB,hsync,vsync,up,down,left,right,middle,rst ,QC_OUT,QA_OUT,led);
input clock; //系統輸入時鐘100MHz
input[1:0]switch;
input rst;
output [7:0] QC_OUT;
output[3:0] QA_OUT;
output [7:0] led;
input up,down,left,right,middle;
output[11:0]disp_RGB;//VGA數據輸出
output hsync;//VGA行同步信號
output vsync;//VGA場同步信號
reg [9:0] hcount; //VGA行掃描計數器
reg [9:0] vcount; //VGA場掃描計數器
reg [11:0] data;
reg [11:0] h_dat;
reg [11:0] v_dat;
reg [11:0] x_dat;
reg [11:0] data1;
reg flag=0;
wire hcount_ov;
wire vcount_ov;
wire dat_act;
wire hsync;
wire vsync;
reg background=12'b010010000101;
reg gezi=12'b01010100001;
reg jieshuse=12'hf00;
reg vga_clk=0;
reg cnt_clk=0;//分頻計數
always@(posedge clock)
begin
if(cnt_clk==1)begin
vga_clk<=~vga_clk;
cnt_clk<=0;
end
else
cnt_clk<=cnt_clk+1;
end
//***************VGA驅動部分*****************8//
//行掃描
// VGA行、場掃描時序參數表
parameter hsync_end =10'd95,
hdat_begin=10'd143,
hdat_end=10'd783,
hpixel_end=10'd799,
vsync_end=10'd1,
vdat_begin =10'd34,
vdat_end=10'd514,
vline_end=10'd524;
always@(posedge clock)
begin
if(cnt_clk==1)begin
vga_clk<=~vga_clk;
cnt_clk<=0;
end
else
cnt_clk<=cnt_clk+1;
end
//***************VGA驅動部分*****************8//
//行掃描
always@(posedge vga_clk)
begin
if(hcount_ov)
hcount<=10'd0;
else
hcount <= hcount + 10'd1;
end
assign hcount_ov =(hcount==hpixel_end);
//場掃描
always@(posedge vga_clk)
begin
if(hcount_ov)
begin
if(vcount_ov)
vcount<=10'd0;
else
vcount<=vcount+10'd1;
end
end
assign vcount_ov=(vcount==vline_end);
//數據、同步信號
assign dat_act=((hcount>=hdat_begin)&&(hcount<hdat_end))&&((vcount>=vdat_begin)&&(vcount<vdat_end));
assign hsync=(hcount>hsync_end);
assign vsync=(vcount>vsync_end);
assign disp_RGB=(dat_act)?data:12'h00;
//顯示圖像
/* always@(posedge vga_clk)
begin
case(switch[1:0])
2'd0:data<=h_dat;
2'd1:data<=v_dat;
2'd2:data<=h_dat&v_dat;
2'd3:data<=x_dat&h_dat&v_dat;
endcase;
end */
//計時1秒
reg [28:0]jishu_1s=0;
reg clk_1s=0;
localparam tick=50000000;
always @ (posedge clock)
begin
if(jishu_1s==tick)
begin
jishu_1s<=0;
clk_1s=~clk_1s;
end
else
begin
jishu_1s<=jishu_1s+1;
end
end
//計時50ms
reg clk_50ms=0;
localparam DVSR=5000000;
reg [28:0] js;
always @ (posedge clock)
begin
if(js==DVSR)
begin
js<=0;
clk_50ms=~clk_50ms;
end
else
begin
js<=js+1;
end
end
//產生豎長條
always@(posedge vga_clk)
begin
if(hcount<=220||hcount>=620)
v_dat <= 12'h000;//hei
else if(hcount==240 ||hcount ==360||hcount ==480||hcount==600)
v_dat <= 12'h000;//hei
else
v_dat <= 12'hfff;//bai
end
//產生橫長條
always@(posedge vga_clk)
begin
if(vcount<=70||vcount>=470)
h_dat <= 12'h000;//hei
else if(vcount==90 ||vcount ==210||vcount ==330||vcount ==450)
h_dat <= 12'h000;
else
h_dat <= 12'hfff; //背景
end
parameter WIDTH = 60, //矩形長
HEIGHT = 60, //矩形寬
//顯示區域的邊界
DISV_TOP = 10'd120,
DISV_DOWN =DISV_TOP+HEIGHT,
DISH_LEFT = 10'd270,
DISH_RIGHT = DISH_LEFT + WIDTH;
//初始矩形的位置，在顯示區的左下角
reg [9:0] topbound =DISV_TOP;
reg [9:0] downbound ;
reg [9:0] leftbound = DISH_LEFT ;
reg [9:0] rightbound ;
reg [2:0] weizhi=0;
//5個位置信息
always@(posedge clk_50ms)
begin
case(weizhi[2:0])
3'b000:begin
leftbound<=10'd390; //上
topbound<=10'd120;
end
3'b001:begin
leftbound<=10'd270;
topbound<=10'd240; //左
end
3'b010: begin
leftbound<=10'd390;
topbound<=10'd240; //中
end
3'b011: begin
leftbound<=10'd510;
topbound<=10'd240; //右
end
3'b100: begin
leftbound<=10'd390;
topbound<=10'd360; //下
end
endcase
end
reg flag_on=0;
//按鍵位置與屏幕上地鼠位置相同，則改變屏幕上地鼠色塊的顏色
always @(posedge clk_50ms) begin
if( up==1 && weizhi==0 )begin
flag<=1;
// flag_on<=1;
end
else if( left==1 && weizhi==1 )begin
flag<=1;
// flag_on<=1;
end
else if( middle==1 && weizhi==2 )begin
flag<=1;
// flag_on<=1;
end
else if( right==1 && weizhi==3 )begin
flag<=1;
flag_on<=1;
end
else if( down==1 && weizhi==4 )begin
flag<=1;
// flag_on<=1;
end
else begin
flag<=0;
// flag_on<=0;
end
end
//4位數碼管顯示部分的變量定義
reg [7:0] Q1;
reg [7:0] Q2;
reg [7:0] Q3;
reg [7:0] Q4;
reg [7:0] Q;
reg [7:0] Q_OUT;
reg [5:0] i=0;
//每過2秒色塊換一個位置
//20位的僞隨機數
wire [7:0] position[0:19];
assign position[0]=0;
assign position[1]=4;
assign position[2]=2;
assign position[3]=1;
assign position[4]=3;
assign position[5]=0;
assign position[6]=4;
assign position[7]=1;
assign position[8]=2;
assign position[9]=4;
assign position[10]=0;
assign position[11]=2;
assign position[12]=1;
assign position[13]=3;
assign position[14]=1;
assign position[15]=0;
assign position[16]=3;
assign position[17]=2;
assign position[18]=1;
assign position[19]=4;
reg [11:0]data2=12'h652;
reg count_20=0;
reg [5:0]num=0;
reg [5:0]num1=0;
reg [5:0]cnt_30ss=30;
reg flag_kaishi=0;
reg flag_jieshu=0;
reg [4:0]cnt_30s=0;
//地鼠出現時間及相關參數控制模塊
always@(posedge clk_1s)
begin
i<=i+1;
weizhi<=position[i];
if(i>=19)
i<=0;
if(weizhi>=5)
weizhi<=0;
if(flag==1)
num1<=num1+1;
if(num1==30)begin
num1<=0;
x_dat<= data2;
end
if(rst==1)
num1<=0;
if( flag_kaishi )
cnt_30ss<=cnt_30ss-1;
if(cnt_30ss==0)
cnt_30ss<=0;
end
//着色一個小色塊
always @(posedge clock) begin
rightbound = leftbound + 10'd60 ;
downbound = topbound + 10'd60;
if( hcount >= leftbound && hcount <= rightbound && vcount<= downbound && vcount >= topbound && flag==0)
x_dat<= 12'h0f0;
else if( hcount >= leftbound && hcount <= rightbound && vcount<= downbound && vcount >= topbound && flag==1)begin
x_dat<= 12'hf00;
end
else
x_dat<=12'hfff; //黑色
end
//計數刷新，倒計時重新置數
always@(posedge clock)
begin
if(rst==1)
num<=0;
cnt_30ss<=30;
end
//顯示圖像
always@(posedge clock)
begin
if(rst)begin
data1<=h_dat&v_dat;
cnt_30ss<=30;
flag_kaishi<=0;
flag_jieshu<=0;
end
//第一次進入或復位後，有按鍵按下，則進入遊戲畫面
if(!rst && up==1||down==1||left==1||right==1||middle==1)
flag_kaishi=1;
//遊戲開始且遊戲結束標誌位未置一，則顯示遊戲畫面
if(!rst && flag_kaishi==1 && !flag_jieshu)
data1<=x_dat&h_dat&v_dat;
//倒計時30s結束，結束標誌位置一
if(cnt_30ss==0)begin
flag_jieshu=1;
end
//顯示色彩及九宮格背景
case(switch[1:0])
2'd0:data<=data1;
2'd1:data<=data1;
2'd2:data<=data1;
2'd3:data<=data2;
endcase;
end
reg[28:0]jishu_96hz=0; //餘暉至少要96Hz 100MHz/2^19=190.73Hz
reg [2:0]hex_in;
localparam tick1=200008;
reg clk_96hz=0;
reg clk_190;
reg [7:0] QC_OUT;
reg [3:0] QA_OUT;
// reg [5:0]cnt_30s1=24;
// reg [5:0] num1=26;
//時鐘分頻96hz
always@(posedge clock)
begin
if(jishu_96hz==tick1)
begin
jishu_96hz<=0;
clk_96hz=~clk_96hz;
end
else
begin
jishu_96hz<=jishu_96hz+1;
end
end
//數碼管顯示數值計算部分
always@(posedge clock) begin
num=num1;
Q1=num/10;
Q2=cnt_30ss%10;
Q3=cnt_30ss/10;
Q4=num%10;
end
//數碼管譯碼
always @(posedge vga_clk)
begin
case(Q)
0: QC_OUT <= 8'b11111100;
1: QC_OUT <= 8'b01100000;
2: QC_OUT <= 8'b11011010;
3: QC_OUT <= 8'b11110010;
4: QC_OUT <= 8'b01100110;
5: QC_OUT<=8'b10110110;
6: QC_OUT<=8'b10111110;
7: QC_OUT<=8'b11100000;
8: QC_OUT<=8'b11111110;
9: QC_OUT<=8'b11110110;
default: QC_OUT <= 8'b00000000;
endcase
end
//數碼管片選
always@(posedge clk_96hz )
case(QA_OUT)
4'd1:
begin
Q<=Q1;
QA_OUT<= 2;
end
4'd2:
begin
Q<=Q2;
QA_OUT<=4;
end
4'd4:
begin
Q<=Q3;
QA_OUT<=8;
end
4'd8:
begin
Q<=Q4;
QA_OUT<=1;
end
default : begin
QA_OUT<=4'b0001;
end
endcase
//阿汪先生的博客.ws
endmodule
實際效果：
