波士顿动力惨遭三次“卖身”，软银不想继续烧钱了

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"北京时间 11 月 10 日，彭博社消息称，软银集团正在进行谈判，打算将机器人制造商波士顿动力（Boston Dynamics）出售给现代汽车公司。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"就在此消息发出的前一天，软银发布了 2020 年第二财季（4-9 月）财报。财报显示，软银本财季各项指标均超市场预期。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这对于很长一段时间处于亏损状态的软银来说，是一个好消息。"}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"波士顿动力再易主，软银不想继续烧钱了"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"彭博社引援知情人士消息称，软银集团正在考虑将波士顿动力出售给韩国现代集团。有相关人士表示，如果交易达成，波士顿动力或以 10 亿美元的价格出售。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"现代汽车目前已经作出回应，表示：“正在不断探索各种投资、合作的机会。” 波士顿动力方面则表示：“（我们的工作）能持续激发合作伙伴的兴趣，让他们与公司建立更深入的商业合作关系。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"对于波士顿动力来说，这已经是第三次“卖身”了。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"早期的波士顿动力是为美国军方提供机械设计的，最为人熟知的四足机器人（或称“机器狗”）其实也是为军队服务的产品。但是一直以来，波士顿动力就没有一个真正的归宿。1992 年，波士顿动力从 MIT 分离，保持独立运营；2013 年被谷歌收购，2017 年谷歌又将它卖给软银集团。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"与其说波士顿动力像企业，不如说它更像研究机构。它所研究的机器人的确很先进，也常有各种令人惊讶的产品及演示视频放出，但是这些产品目前仍然只能在实验室生存，并不具备真正的实用功能，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"因此这家公司至今没有盈利"},{"type":"text","text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/constatic.geekbang.org\/infoq\/5faa107fda790.png?imageView2\/0\/w\/800","alt":"image","title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"虽然波士顿动力已经将其机器狗 Spot 正式开放售卖，但是每只合人民币约 5 万元的售价对于大部分人来说确实是较难承受的，最重要的是，除了部分狂热的技术爱好者购买用以研究外，也没几个普通人会去买它。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"机器人技术的研发周期普遍比较长，而波士顿动力专注的又是研发难度比较高的两足 \/ 四足机器人领域，不断地投入研究经费而不见回报，这对于任何一家投资机构来说都是不可接受的，谷歌如此，软银亦是如此。所以，波士顿动力频遭出售也就不奇怪了，而它的疑似下家现代汽车是否能接得住这个盘，就要靠时间来检验了。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"赔了这么久，软银终于赚了"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"回过头来说一说波士顿动力的卖家——软银集团。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"昨天最新发布的财报显示，软银第二财季净销售额 2.63 万亿日元（约合人民币 1669.8 亿元），同比增长 3.6%，实现净利润 1.88 万亿日元（约合人民币 1196 亿元），同比大增 346.7%。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/constatic.geekbang.org\/infoq\/5faa107f53b3e.png?imageView2\/0\/w\/800","alt":"image","title":null,"style":null,"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"此外，软银还披露了愿景基金的具体投资项目数。截至 2020 年第二财季，愿景基金一期共进行了 83 项投资，总成本达 750 亿美元，愿景基金二期共进行了 13 项投资，总成本为 26 亿美元。收益方面，愿景基金一期成立以来总收益达 74 亿美元。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"值得一提的是，愿景基金二期在报告期内录得未实现收益 5372 亿日元（约合 51.88 亿美元），这部分收益主要来自被投公司贝壳找房上市后的浮盈。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"去年 11 月，软银向总部位于北京的贝壳找房注资 13.5 亿美元。该公司于今年 8 月上市，截至 9 月底，软银在贝壳找房的持股价值已达到 64 亿美元，这意味着 "},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"愿景基金的投资收获了 375% 的回报"},{"type":"text","text":"。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"孙正义的豪赌仍在继续"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"有不少人曾调侃软银 CEO 孙正义：投资全看心情，是赚是赔全凭运气。喜欢豪赌的孙正义也因此在业内留下了不少正面与负面的传奇故事。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"投资阿里巴巴、收购 vodafone 并一战成名，这些决策成就了孙正义也壮大了软银；但后来对 Uber、WeWork 的投资失利，以及合并 Sprint 与 T-Mobile（美国第四大电信运营商）的计划受阻，也让软银遭受了巨大的打击。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"数据显示，截至 2019 年底，软银负债已达 1730 亿美元，其中一般来自旗下子公司的负债。到 2020 年 3 月 19 日，软银股价跌至 4 年低点，该集团市值降至 510 亿美元，孙正义直接持有的约 22% 股份价值仅仅略高于 110 亿美元。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"同样在 3 月，软银宣布出售阿里巴巴等优质股份以获得资金；6 月，孙正义宣布退出阿里巴巴的董事会；9 月，软银将芯片公司 ARM 以 400 亿美元出售给英伟达，更被外界认为是“拆东墙补西墙”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"即便如此，孙正义的赌局仍然在继续。第二财季财报显示：截至 9 月，软银 “在上市股票和其他工具上的投资”造成了 1317 亿日元（约合 13 亿美元）的亏损。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"对此孙正义则表示：“听起来风险很大，但它只占我们所持资产总价值的 1%。（如果这些投资失败），损失也只占软银总股本的 1%-2%，只是整体的一小部分。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"参考链接："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/group.softbank\/en\/ir\/financials\/financial_reports","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/group.softbank\/en\/ir\/financials\/financial_reports"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.infoq.cn\/article\/IfhcQPlbPpaWvlP9Hso0","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/www.infoq.cn\/article\/IfhcQPlbPpaWvlP9Hso0"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.infoq.cn\/article\/JZPegalvxdv5BLkbem1k","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/www.infoq.cn\/article\/JZPegalvxdv5BLkbem1k"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}}]}