3年迭代一次技术栈：我们程序员，为啥跑不赢行业？

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"C 、C++、Go、Swift……差不多每 6 - 8 年会出现一轮新的、具备影响力的静态语言，“这是生产力迭代的象征”，许式伟在 2021 ECUG Con 上如是说。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"而编程语言的迭代只是个缩影，这样的迭代速度，正变本加厉地深入各个行业与技术维度。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"从 Web 2.0 到互联网 +，技术赋能的形式在飞速迭代，几乎每 3 年就有新的概念走向成熟，技术栈也随之发生变更；具体到某一技术领域，比如前端，速度更为吓人，差不多每 18 个月就会有一次更新迭代。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这种更迭速度导致的最直观的一个结果是，技术栈更新飞快，开发者开始变得无所适从。比如在 2015 年，CNCF 成立，云原生 12 要素出现，云计算进入新的发展阶段，传统运维岗位的需求量迅速萎缩。仅在 2019 年，中国已开始应用云计算技术的企业占比就达到了 66.10%，2020 疫情的到来又大大加速了企业上云进程。到今天，运维人员大量转型 DevOps 工程师、技术运营、解决方案架构师，所需的技术栈几乎变了一半。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这样的例子几乎比比皆是，AI 和轻代码 \/ 无代码的先后兴起，就是以上变化规律的具现。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如果没有意识到这一点，就很难预估行业变化的趋势和方向。许多人会耗费多年时间，追逐看似时髦的技术框架，而对个人成长的核心能力和边界能力一无所知。这是一种具有很强麻痹作用的随波逐流，也是带有很大自我欺骗色彩的“假性勤奋”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但开发者能做的，绝不仅止于此。产业和技术变迁的本质，其实有迹可循，简单说，可以分为三大要点："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"numberedlist","attrs":{"start":1,"normalizeStart":1},"content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":1,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"对外部环境有认知：熟悉重要的产业政策和方向；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":2,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"对个人成长有认知：清楚自身能力成长的边界和“台阶”；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":3,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"结合以上两点，形成决策闭环。"}]}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2021，从政策到个人的决策闭环"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"对外部环境有认知，是指要对大的政策和方向有敏感度，能感知到行业、产业利好趋势的变化和调整。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"对个人成长有认知，指的是开发者不仅要学习，而且要聪明的学习，能够知悉标志性的成长拐点，以及在成长的各个阶段，可以寻求的外部帮助。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"用外部大方向指导自己选择行业，用行业指导自己选择核心技术方向，再通过核心技术方向倒推成长路径，这就形成了决策上的闭环。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"为了能更具体、形象地说明这一决策链条，InfoQ 联合华为云共同发布了《产业开发者成长图谱》，下面我们以此为例，做详细解读。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/b9\/b9cd0e285db4111ad6a7192c7a50e1f7.webp","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"产业开发者成长图谱"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"该成长图谱描绘了开发者在产业生态中获取扶持资源、不断进阶，最终实现跨台阶成长的一条通路。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在横向维度，我们列举了众多重点解决方案场景和相关产业，上接政策，下接产品，力争将通路具像化。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在纵向维度，图谱通过开发者在企业里担任的不同职位来反映个人成长的阶段。因为更高岗位往往对开发者有着更高的要求，也意味着要承担更大的责任，实现不同维度的个人和团队价值。因此，每一次晋升都是一种成长。比如，软件开发工程师为代码、为项目负责，技术专家、技术 VP 则要为行业性的解决方案和最终效果负责。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"与此同时，不同岗位的开发者在产业生态中又处于不同的位置，可以获得相应的扶持资源。如成长图谱所示，产业生态可大致分为五层：技术产品、场景化解决方案、数字经济重点产业、商业使能和政策扶持与引导。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"基础开发者以使用技术为主，对应技术产品层；技术专家或技术 VP 需要深入理解公司业务，通过技术、产品和服务的组合提供解决方案，对应场景化解决方案层；CTO 或 CEO 主要关注公司业务、商业模式和产业发展，对应产业层。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"从成长图谱中，我们可以看到开发者成长的清晰路径。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"开发者从高校学生起步，成长的下一个标志是“工程师”。作为技术产品的接触者和直接使用者，高校学生可以通过使用华为云的创新技术产品开发应用，提升自己，从而拥有更高的技术能力。在这个过程中，通过利用华为提供的扶持资源（比如参加在线培训课程、沙箱实验等），他可以了解、学习和掌握新技术，从而为成为工程师打下坚实的基础。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在开发者成为工程师后，成长的标志则变更为“资深工程师”，当然，在不同职级体系下，具体岗位名称可能有所区别，但这不影响对路径的推导。在这一阶段，他可以参加华为提供的沙箱实验，根据详细的实验手册，模拟真实场景，体验真实云场景，比如，利用 AI 开发服务 ModelArts 实现花卉图像分类。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"要成为技术专家，则需要既懂技术，又要深入理解公司业务，深耕整个行业的技术方向，通过技术、产品和服务为客户提供场景化的解决方案。更重要的是，技术专家要开始探索技术的商业闭环，这就需要有头部公司，主动将培育充分的商业土壤开放给技术专家，以充分验证技术的商业价值。华为恰恰拥有也正在开放这样的能力，此外，通过参加华为组织的技术大会，开发者也可以认识更优秀的技术人才，与其他技术专家一对一交流，获得宝贵的建议，加速成长。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"当技术专家再成长一步，则有可能成为技术 VP 或 CTO ，这同样与不同职级、不同企业的具体情况有关。这时，他需要具备领导力、技术选型和决策能力、文化构造能力、人员管理能力等多维能力，关注公司业务和重点产业，了解国家大政方针，判断公司未来走向。那么通过华为联创营或行业峰会，他可以帮助公司获取华为云提供的专业技术支持，联合面向市场提供发布解决方案，并借助华为云生态，实现更快成长。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“每一个开发者都了不起”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“在智能奔涌的浪潮中，最强的智，是众智。最大的力，是合力。没有人能够逆转万流归海。每一个开发者，都在创造一往无前的奔腾时代。世界有你，了不起。”华为常务董事、华为云 CEO、消费者业务 CEO 余承东，在给开发者的一段视频中这样说道。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“每一个开发者都了不起”，也恰恰是华为开发者大会的 Slogan。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这样的发声并非凭空出现，开发者在华为生态体系内，向来占据举足轻重的位置。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"首先是开源和社区，根植于开发者，回馈于开发者。华为是 CNCF 亚洲唯一初创 & 首个白金会员，其支持边缘计算的开源平台 KubeEdge 已经晋级 CNCF 孵化项目，Volcano 也正式进入了 CNCF；在 Kubernetes 开源社区，华为的代码贡献量在亚洲排名第一，Maintainer 席位数亚洲排名第一；重磅产品鸿蒙 OS、openEuler、openGauss 都已宣布开源。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"再者，从 5G 到操作系统，华为以基础软件、新基建、数字化转型为重点技术探索方向，等同于翻新了上层技术发展的土壤。而土壤如果缺乏优秀的耕种者，就会变为“荒地”，开发者自然成为华为关注的焦点。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"对开发者的关注，也重点反映在 2021 HDC 华为开发者大会上。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"从目前公开的信息看，除主要的技术分享之外，今年的 HDC 至少还有三项规划会成为开发者关注的焦点，分别是先锋少年论坛、开发训练营、扫地僧见面会。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"先锋少年论坛，是一份帮助高校学生成长为云时代新人才的全方位指南，由华为云携手教育部创新创业教育指导委委员、华为公司软件分析主任、华为云天才少年、互联网 + 大赛大奖得主等共同打造，基于华为领先的云与计算产品和技术帮助高校学生实现梦想，成为了不起的开发者。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"主要包含四大类内容："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"numberedlist","attrs":{"start":1,"normalizeStart":1},"content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":1,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"高校学生职业发展规划指导；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":2,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"华为云与高校合作创新实践分享；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":3,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"华为云先锋少年计划发布；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":4,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"华为云天才少年与先锋少年的创新实践分享。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"开发者训练营则覆盖多种领域的技术热点，以训练营形式听技术大咖全面精讲并动手实践，内容包括 AI 模型的开发和部署，数据库、低代码、物联网、应用开发、迁移上云等。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"扫地僧见面会则邀请了华为云各大技术领域最顶尖、最优秀的技术专家出席现场，围绕云原生、人工智能、大数据等话题与开发者面对面交流、探讨。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在 HDC 中国区，特色更加鲜明。今年的 HDC 中国区将包含 63 场线下分会场，覆盖 36 座城市，这是一个史无前例的会议策划，消耗巨大，但也意味着大部分开发者都可以亲身参与到 HDC 的议程里，真正实现整个开发者生态的良性运转。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这些分会场将包含三条业务主线，分别是智能基座高校、鲲鹏生态创新中心、华为云产业云创新中心。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"智能基座高校的内容主要涵盖云原生技术和 AI 计算，以及 openEuler 实操训练营；鲲鹏生态创新中心上海分会场以“鲲鹏应用创新大赛”为主，北京分会场则将对全国首个全栈生态体系的基础软件联合实验室进行揭秘，并重磅发布金融行业的全栈调优案例；华为云产业云创新中心涵盖的前沿技术较多，包括 VR、通用 AI 等。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"可以说，这样的活动，已经成为开发者成长不可或缺的养分。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这是一个不可思议的时代，信息的不对称性史无前例的降低，个人成长成为了整个企业、整个生态的关注重点。我们有理由相信，3 年更迭一次的技术栈，不会是未来开发者成长的阻碍，我们能够跑赢行业。"}]}]}