英國最大芯片廠NWF遭政府停止撥款，或與被中企聞泰科技收購有關

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"約翰遜政府目前正對這項收購交易展開“國家安全”審查，未來幾周內將作出決定。"}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"被聞泰科技收購後，英政府暫停資助 NWF"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"據英國《"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/technology\/2021\/07\/20\/chip-factory-sold-china-involved-taxpayer-funded-defence-project\/","title":"xxx","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"每日電訊報"}]},{"type":"text","text":"》當地時間 7 月 20 日晚間報道，在中企安世半導體（Nexperia）提出收購英國最大芯片生產商 Newport Wafer Fab（NWF）後，按照英國政府的指示，英國研究與創新署（UKRI）已經暫停了對 NWF 的資助。據瞭解，UKRI 現在是英國國內最主要的研發資助機構，每年總預算超過 60 億英鎊。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"本月稍早前，就有市場消息傳出聞泰科技全資子公司安世半導體將以約 6300 萬英鎊（約合人民幣 5.6 億元）的價格收購 NWF，彼時聞泰科技方面迴應道：“不予置評”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"7 月 6 日，聞泰科技發佈的一份"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"http:\/\/static.sse.com.cn\/disclosure\/listedinfo\/announcement\/c\/new\/2021-07-06\/600745_20210706_1_DZT6kjrK.pdf","title":"xxx","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"公告"}]},{"type":"text","text":"證實了此次收購交易。公告顯示，7 月 5 日，公司全資子公司安世半導體與 NWF 母公司 NEPTUNE 6 LIMITED（以下簡稱“NEPTUNE”）及其股東簽署了有關收購協議。本次交易完成後，聞泰科技將間接持有 NWF 100% 權益。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.infoq.cn\/resource\/image\/1a\/d4\/1a4e3874030e7432609dc80f4e7a14d4.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"值得一提的是，聞泰科技並未在公告中提及此次收購案的交易價格。另據公告顯示，此次交易涉及的相關協議仍在執行過程中，尚未完成過戶工作，仍存在不確定性。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"資料顯示，NWF 位於英國威爾士第三大城市紐波特，該廠始建於 1982 年，是英國境內最大的芯片廠，主要生產用於汽車電源應用的半導體芯片。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"根據聞泰科技發佈的公告顯示，NWF 2020 財年末總資產爲 4470.76 萬英鎊（約合人民幣 3.96 億元），淨資產爲 -517.73萬英鎊（約合人民幣 -4585.59 萬元）。2020 年財年，NWF 實現營收 3091.1（約合人民幣 2.74 億元），淨虧損 1816.1 萬英鎊（約合人民幣 1.61 億元）。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在本次收購交易之前，NWF 曾參與了十餘個英國政府合同項目，其中一筆價值約 520 萬英鎊（約合人民幣 4605.7 萬元）的防禦計劃合同，旨在研發用於戰鬥機雷達系統的芯片技術，並供應意大利列奧納多公司、歐洲導彈集團等軍工企業。據英國《每日電訊報》援引一位接近交易的消息人士稱，NWF 參與十餘個政府資助的項目，價值約 5500 萬英鎊（約合人民幣 4.87 億元）。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"對於收購後的下一步發展計劃，聞泰科技方面表示，安世半導體將會加大 NWF 的投入，繼續保持其在威爾士半導體生態鏈的重要地位；NWF 的加入也將有效的提升安世半導體在車規級 IGBT、MOSFET、Analog 和化合物半導體等產品領域的 IDM 能力。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"英政府態度 180 度大轉變？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在聞泰科技收購 NWF 這件事上，英國政府的態度堪稱 180 度大轉變。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"7 月 6 日，一位英國政府發言人告訴 CNBC，他們知道安世半導體對 NWF 的收購，但他們認爲“這時候英國政府出手干預並不合適。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"7 月 7 日，英國首相約翰遜在一個立法者小組的提問中迴應稱，英國國家安全顧問將對這項收購案進行調查。約翰遜稱：“我已經要求國家安全顧問注意一下。”同時，約翰遜表示：“我們必須判斷他們製造的東西，對中國來說是否真的有知識產權的價值和興趣，以及是否真的有安全影響。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"英國議會下議院外交事務委員會主席 Tom Tugendhat 進一步解釋了英國政府對該筆收購交易進行審查的原因。Tom Tugendhat 表示，英國此前向 NWF 支付了研究費用，並讓 NWF 成爲英國政府國防項目的一個重要合作伙伴，從國家安全方面出發，英政府決定對這項收購交易進行全面審查。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在短短的時間內，英國政府的態度從“不出手干預”到“進行調查”來了個 180 度大轉變。不過根據路透社報道，約翰遜同時強調，不想因爲“反華”趕走所有的中國投資。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"有分析人士稱，英國態度的轉變或將引起世界對半導體投資的新爭端。當前，在全球缺芯、美國禁止向中國出口芯片設備的形勢下，如若這筆收購計劃能夠成功完成，將十分利好我國的芯片製造產業。不過，在英國政府審查結果尚未出爐之前，一切還不能太過樂觀。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"國際市場多變，國產芯片前路漫漫"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"對於中國的芯片企業來說，除了要面對來自技術、人才上的挑戰，還要面對"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.infoq.cn\/article\/uajl6y2Zgl5ZJKDFIIzv","title":"xxx","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"國際形勢帶來的巨大挑戰"}]},{"type":"text","text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2020 年，美國政府對華爲、中芯國際等芯片企業的政策不斷收緊。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"美國政府在 5 月公佈了“禁止向華爲出售使用美系設備生產的芯片的制裁方案”。當時，全球第一大芯片代工廠臺積電公司在今年第二季度業績會議上表示：“5 月以後就沒有再接華爲的新訂單，9 月 15 日以後不可能再爲華爲供應芯片。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"當地時間 8 月 17 日，美國商務部再發表聲明稱，禁止使用美系設備的公司向全世界 21 個國家的 38 家華爲子公司銷售芯片。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"繼禁止使用美國“設備”之後，美國又禁止了使用其專利等美國“技術”的公司向華爲供應芯片。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"9 月 8 日，據報道，隨着特朗普政府加強對華爲的制裁，三星和 SK 海力士將停止向華爲出售零部件。根據朝鮮日報和其他韓國新聞媒體的報道，這兩家韓國公司將於 9 月 15 日終止與華爲的交易。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在美國出口限制下，中國芯片產業要想實現突圍，要麼通過大力鑽研技術、引進相關人才步入發展快車道，要麼通過收購其他成熟芯片廠引進技術和生產力。不過從聞泰科技收購 NWF 遭遇英政府審查來看，收購外國芯片廠是一步險棋，當前生死未定。“打鐵還需自身硬”，下一步，中國芯片產業還是要從自身快速發展上尋找突破口。"}]}]}