我的Linux生涯之Mysql：Day01[Mysql基本使用]例

登陸mysql服務器

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -h localhost -u root -p [password]
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 19
....
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>   

查看庫

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema | 
| mysql              | 
| test               | 
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

  
打開庫

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed  

查看所在庫的表

mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql           |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv              | 
| db                        | 
| func                      | 
| help_category             | 
| help_keyword              | 
| help_relation             | 
| help_topic                | 
| host                      | 
| proc                      | 
| procs_priv                | 
| tables_priv               | 
| time_zone                 | 
| 

| time_zone_leap_second     

| time_zone_name            | 
| time_zone_transition      | 
| time_zone_transition_type | 
| user                      | 
+---------------------------+
17 rows in set (0.00 sec)   //總計有17個表  

查看錶內的數據記錄

mysql> select * from db;
+------+---------+------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+--------------+
| Host | Db      | User | Select_priv | Insert_priv | Update_priv | Delete_priv | Create_priv | Drop_priv | Grant_priv | References_priv | Index_priv | Alter_priv | Create_tmp_table_priv | Lock_tables_priv | Create_view_priv | Show_view_priv | Create_routine_priv | Alter_routine_priv | Execute_priv |
.....
+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+--------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

#默認是以數據庫的形式顯示的，加\G則以列形式顯示  
以列形式顯示

mysql>  select * from db\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
                 Host: %
                   Db: test
                 User: 
          Select_priv: Y
          Insert_priv: Y
          Update_priv: Y
          Delete_priv: Y
          Create_priv: Y
....
*************************** 2. row ***************************
                 Host: %
                   Db: test\_%
                 User: 
          Select_priv: Y
          Insert_priv: Y
          Update_priv: Y
          Delete_priv: Y
          Create_priv: Y
....
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR: 
No query specified

mysql>   

mysql> create database hello
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema | 
| hello              | 
| mysql              | 
| studb              | 
| sutdb              | 
| test               | 
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use hello
mysql> create table t1( 
    -> name varchar(10), 
    -> age tinyint(2) unsigned,
    -> sex enum('boy','gril'), linkes set('book','music','film','football')
    -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 se
mysql> show tables;
+-----------------+
| Tables_in_hello |
+-----------------+
| t1              | 
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> desc t1;
+--------+---------------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field  | Type                                  | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------+---------------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name   | varchar(10)                           | YES  |     | NULL    |       | 
| age    | tinyint(2) unsigned                   | YES  |     | NULL    |       | 
| sex    | enum('boy','gril')                    | YES  |     | NULL    |       | 
| linkes | set('book','music','film','football') | YES  |     | NULL    |       | 
+--------+---------------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)  

 

create table (數據庫名.)表名（
字段名 字段類型[（寬度） 約束條件]，
字段名 字段類型[（寬度） 約束條件]，
......
）；
desc (數據庫名.)表名； 查看錶結構
select * from 表名；   查看錶內容
insert into (數據庫名.)表名（字段名1，字段名2，字段名n） 
 values（字段名1的值，字段名2的值，字段名n的值），
       （字段名1的值，字段名2的值，字段名n的值）；
insert into stu_info(age)values(19);
create table t1(level tinyint unsigned); 無符號整數型

練習：
在數據庫ygdb裏創建員工信息表yg_data(保存員工的信息記錄)

員工姓名  性別 年齡  入職時間  職位  工作  部門

mysql>create database ygdb
#先創建一個數據庫，名爲ygdb。
mysql> show databases;
#查看庫。
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema | 
| mysql              | 
| test               | 
| ygdb               | 
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#統計出有4個對象。
mysql> select database();   //查看當前庫
+------------+
| database() |
+------------+
| ygdb       | 
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create table yg_data(         //創建一個表
    -> name char(3) not null,      //定義類型及寬度，不允許空值
    -> gender enum("boy","gril"),  //定義枚舉，單選
    -> age tinyint(2) unsigned,     //定義類型及顯示寬度
    -> entrytime year,   
    -> position enum("staff","foreman","manager" ) default "staff" ,
    -> work char(4),
    -> department enum("personnel","finance","plan") not null
    -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.03 sec)

mysql> show tables;   //查看錶
+----------------+
| Tables_in_ygdb |
+----------------+
| yg_tab         | 
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc yg_data;   //查看該表結構
+------------+------------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field      | Type                               | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------+------------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name       | char(3)                            | NO   |     | NULL    |       | 
| gender     | enum('boy','gril')                 | YES  |     | NULL    |       | 
| age        | tinyint(2) unsigned                | YES  |     | NULL    |       | 
| entrytime  | year(4)                            | YES  |     | NULL    |       | 
| position   | enum('staff','foreman','manager')  | YES  |     | staff   |       | 
| work       | char(4)                            | YES  |     | NULL    |       | 
| department | enum('personnel','finance','plan') | NO   |     | NULL    |       | 
+------------+------------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into yg_data   //添加記錄
    -> values
    -> ("tom","boy","23","2013","staff","IT","plan")
    ->;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 secatch)

mysql> insert into yg_data 
    -> values
    -> ("jear","gril","18","2012","manager","chef","finance");
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into yg_data
    -> values ("keke","boy","24","2010","staff","driver","personnel");
Query OK, 1 row affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from yg_data;  //查看該表所有信息
+------+--------+------+-----------+----------+------+------------+
| name | gender | age  | entrytime | position | work | department |
+------+--------+------+-----------+----------+------+------------+
| tom  | boy    |   23 |      2013 | staff    | IT   | plan       | 
| jea  | gril   |   18 |      2012 | manager  | chef | finance    | 
| kek  | boy    |   24 |      2010 | staff    | driv | personnel  | 
+------+--------+------+-----------+----------+------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>