Windows 11 預覽版現嚴重 Bug 原來是內置廣告惹的禍

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"上週，微軟向 "},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/insider.windows.com\/zh-cn\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Windows Insiders"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" 用戶推送了新版本的 Windows 11，很快首批安裝新版本的測試人員就遇到了問題，桌面、開始菜單、任務欄以及其他核心組件頻繁出現崩潰和無法加載的情況。微軟也快速定位問題並提供了"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.windows.com\/windows-insider\/2021\/09\/02\/announcing-windows-11-insider-preview-build-22000-176\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"修復註冊表項"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"的解決辦法。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"內置廣告通信問題引發崩潰"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"微軟沒有透露該問題出現的細節，國外開發者 Daniel Aleksandersen 對此進行了深入調查，他在 Twitter 和 Reddit 上分享了該問題，得到了很多解決方案。大多數解決方案都提到了設備無法與微軟服務器通信的情況。Daniel 初步判斷，問題原因不是本次 Windows Update 提供的更新所造成的，而是 Windows 內置許多雲服務裏一個名爲 IrisService 的 Windows 組件下載的小文件導致的。IrisService 是 Windows Spotlight 服務的一部分，它主要負責獲取當天的 Bing 壁紙；鎖屏提示、促銷、建議；以及廣告。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"之後 Daniel 根據微軟提供的解決方案，將問題縮小到一個包含序列號 "},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"JSON blob"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" 的註冊表鍵。該 blob 包含一個的廣告，是推廣微軟的即時協作工具 "},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/microsoft-teams\/group-chat-software","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Microsoft Teams"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":" "},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"的廣告，如果你沒有設置過 Teams 上的 Windows 賬戶，你可以通過 Win鍵 + C 的方式查看面板上的內容，與 blob 中的信息和圖像完全一致。至此基本可以確定是 Teams 的廣告與服務器通訊問題導致的桌面癱瘓崩潰問題。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"無法移除的廣告，正式版發佈前仍需解決的事情"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"微軟從 Windows 10 開始向系統推送廣告，Windows 11 中也不例外。目前 Microsoft Teams 已整合在系統中，這個廣告會以通知的形式彈出，即使用戶關閉了所有通知，仍會收到推送。另外，當前的 Windows 系統還有很多組件會隨時從雲端獲取內容，從 Bing 壁紙到資訊和廣告，如果其中一項無法與服務器正常通信，崩潰問題就會出現。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"Daniel 表示 “Insiders 版本出現問題是可以預料的，只不過沒想到 Windows shell 的架構如此脆弱，會因爲一個失敗的雲服務而停止響應，只是因爲一個帶有廣告的 JSON blob，你的計算機就變的毫無用處。 Windows 中的廣告對微軟很重要，但用戶根本不希望廣告出現在這裏，每天有數以百萬計的人依賴 Windows，它需要更強大的穩定性。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"目前微軟提供了修改註冊表的解決辦法，只能解決一時的問題，並沒有做到根治，在下個月就要發佈 Windows 11 正式版的情況下，微軟需要提供更穩妥方案。例如將不太重要的依賴雲的系統，與核心操作系統隔離，這裏並不是要微軟移除賬戶、娛樂、雲遊戲等有價值的雲服務，只是儘量避免出現類似情況，一個廣告服務通信小問題就影響到 Windows 核心組件的正常運行。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"參考鏈接："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.windows.com\/windows-insider\/2021\/09\/02\/announcing-windows-11-insider-preview-build-22000-176\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/blogs.windows.com\/windows-insider\/2021\/09\/02\/announcing-windows-11-insider-preview-build-22000-176\/"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/twitter.com\/windowsinsider\/status\/1433593880541163529","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/twitter.com\/windowsinsider\/status\/1433593880541163529"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"關聯閱讀："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.infoq.cn\/news\/NIEd0pjOjuzEHjVUhJ0R","title":"xxx","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"揭曉 Windows 11 如何做到原生支持安卓應用"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.infoq.cn\/article\/09x9E9BagqAwhLBDlyaO","title":"xxx","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Windows 11 將於 10 月 5 日發佈，運行 Android 應用還要再等"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}}]}