2020.1.22 每日一題：
You and and your team have just created a schedule network diagram.You have come up with the estimates and have defined the durations and subsequently have identified the Critical Path.You now decide to do a ‘Backward Pass’ through the Schedule Network Diagram - what would you be calculating ?
A. The Early Start and Early Finish for each activity
B. The Late Start and Late Finish for each activity
C.The duration of the other paths
D. The duration of the critical path
你和你的團隊剛剛創建了一個進度網絡圖。你已經提出了估算並定義了持續時間，隨後確定了關鍵路徑。你現在決定通過進度網絡圖執行“逆推法”，下面哪項是正確的算法？
A.每項活動的最早開始和最早完成
B.每項活動的最晚開始和最晚完成
C.其他路徑的持續時間
D.關鍵路徑的持續時間
參考答案：B
解析：選項C和D不正確，因爲逆推法不用於計算持續時間。事實上，根據持續時間計算關鍵路徑。選項A談及早期開始和早期完成，這是使用“順推法”。使用“逆推法”是我們計算進度網絡圖中所有活動的最晚開始時間和最晚結束時間。————————————————————————
2020.1.21 每日一題：
In a weekly meeting, a project team member reports that they are unaware of what task is
to be performed next, what should the project manager review with the team member?
A. Work breakdown structure (WBS)
B. Project schedule
C. Critical path
D, Milestone list
在一次週會上，項目團隊成員報告他們不知道下一步要執行什麼任務。項目經理應與團
隊成員查閱下列哪一項？
A.工作分解結構(WBS)
B.項目進度計劃
C.關鍵路徑
D.里程碑清單
答案：B
解析：項目進度計劃是進度模型的輸出，展示活動之間的相互關聯，以及計劃日期、持續
時間、里程碑和所需資源。項目進度計劃中至少要包括每個活動的計劃開始日期與計劃結
束日期。項目團隊成員的工作是根據項目進度計劃進行安排的。B參考答案包括了C與D的內容。
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2020.1.20 每日一題：
A network diagram shows that the earliest an activity could start is at the end of week 7 and that it must be completed by the start of week 20. The activity requires a total of 10 business days to complete. In terms of weeks, what is the float for the performance of this activity?
A. 3
B. 10
C. 13
D. 17
網絡圖顯示，某項活動的最早開始時間是在第 7 周結束時，並且必須在第 20 周開始之前完成。這項活動總共需要 10 個工作日完成。那麼這項活動績效的浮動時間是多少周？
A.3
B.10
C.13
D.17
答案：B
解析：參見浮動時間的計算方法[示例：活動A（7-9）活動B(20—-)，則A的浮動爲 20-9-1]
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2020.1.19 每日一題：
You are the project manager for a Project. You are updating the WBS during Define Activities, which is often called ?
A. Refinements
B. Updates
C. Activities
D. Supporting detail
你是項目的項目經理。你是在定義活動期間更新WBS，通常稱爲？
A.漸進明細
B.更新
C.活動
D.支持細節
參考答案：A
解析：在定義活動期間更新WBS通常稱爲漸進明細。它一般發生在風險較高的項目中。
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2020.1.17 每日一題：
You are in the process of defining activities and have broken down the WBS into individual activities.You now decide to uniquely tag each activity with a unique code.So here what you have done is defined an ___ for each Activity
A. Schedule Network Diagram
B. Activity List
C. Milestone List
D. Activity Identifier
你正在定義活動並已將WBS分解爲單獨的活動。你現在決定使用唯一的代碼標記每個活動。因此，你在這裏爲每個活動定義了一個______。
A.時間表網絡圖
B.活動清單
C.里程碑清單
D.活動標識符
參考答案：D
解析：問題表明已經決定對每個標識的活動進行唯一標記，這只不過是活動標識符，這是在創建活動列表期間完成的。參考PMBOK158。
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2020.1.16 每日一題：
You are responsible for managing a project that deals with laying out a freeway connecting two major port cities.Progress on the project has been smooth and you and your team are very confident on completing the project well within the stipulated timelines.On reviewing you see that the project has also run below the budget resulting in savings.You decide to add an extra feature of reflector strips on the road every mile.You do a quick calculation and are satisfied that neither budget nor schedule will slip.You feel that by adding these extra features you could also bag some future projects as well.This is an example of :
A. Scope Creep
B. Gold Plating
C. Integrated Change Control
D. Fast Tracking
你負責管理一個項目，該項目涉及佈置連接兩個主要港口城市的高速公路。項目進展順利，你和你的團隊非常有信心在規定的時間內完成項目。在審覈中，你會看到該項目也在預算之下運行，從而節省了成本。你決定在每英里的道路上增加反光條的額外功能。你快速計算了一下，發現預算和時間表都不會因此受到影響，非常滿意。你認爲通過添加這些額外的功能，也可以爲一些未來的項目做個好的標榜。這是屬於如下哪個描述的一個例子：
A.範圍潛變
B.鍍金
C.實施整體變更控制
D.快速跟進
參考答案：B
解析：這是鍍金的一個例子。C選項實施整體變更控制處理正式批准或拒絕變更，因此它不是正確的答案
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2020.1.15 每日一題：
A project manager identifies that a product can be improved with additional features without
impacting the schedule, budget, or resources. Believing that all original requirements are met with these added features, the project manager does not inform the client to what does this
refer?
A. Scope creep
B. Scope baseline
C. Scope float
D. Scope change
項目經理確定產品可以通過增加額外功能得以改進，但不影響進度、預算或資源。相信
這些新增的功能能滿足所有原始需求，項目經理沒有通知客戶。這稱爲什麼？
A.範圍蔓延
B.範圍基準
C.範圍浮動
D.範圍變更
答案：A
解析：未經批准的範圍變更，屬於範圍蔓延
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2020.1.14 每日一題：
Midway through a project’s execution phase, a team member proposes changes to provide
more flexibility and additional features. Project requirements define only the need for a simple
solution that is less flexible. Implementing these changes will result in a delay. What should the
project manager do?
A. Reject the proposal, and follow the project management plan.
B. Escalate it to the project sponsor via a change request.
C. Agree to the changes, and arrange for more resources at maintain the schedule.
D. Incorporate the changes, and update the project management plan.
在項目執行階段中途一名團隊成員提出變更建議，能提供更多的靈活性和額外功能。項
目需求定義僅需要具有較少靈活性的簡單解決方案，而實施這些變更將導致延期。項目經理
應該怎麼做？
A.拒絕該建議，並遵循項目管理計劃。
B.通過變更請求將該問題上報給項目發起人。
C.同意變更，並安排更多的資源來保持進度計劃。
D.包含變更，並更新項目管理計劃。
參考答案：A
解析：項目範圍管理要求做且只做完成項目所需要的全部工作，要按照定義的需求來實施項目，避免渡金。
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2020.1.13 每日一題：
After a product is released for user acceptance testing, several defects are found. This
results in the product being rejected by the customer,What should the project manager do next?
A. Review the quality management plan using the defect analysis acceptance testing, and
update if necessary.
B. Advise the customer that the defects are within the product tolerance limits outlined in the
quality management plan.
C. Meet with the project team to review the product’s requirement specifications.
D. Hold a project team meeting to identify the problems, the time of the occurrence, and why it
occurred.
在一個產品發佈用於用戶驗收測試後，發現了幾個缺陷。這導致產品被客戶拒收。項目
經理下一步應該怎麼做？
A.審查質量管理計劃時應用缺陷分析驗收測試（標準），並在必要時更新。
B.通知客戶，缺陷在質量管理計劃中概述的產品公差範圍內。
C.與項目團隊開會審查產品的需求規範。
D.召開項目團隊會議，識別問題、發生的時間以及爲什麼會發生。
答案：D
解析：遇到問題首先分析問題、識別原因、然後解決問題。
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2020.1.10 每日一題：
A project manager finalizes a project scope statement and realizes it is similar to one
completed last year. Based on last year’s project, what should the project manager reuse?
A. Project charter
B. Risk management plan
C. Project budget
D. Work breakdown structure (WBS)
項目經理最終確定項目範圍說明書，並意識到該項目與去年完成的一個項目類似。根據
去年的項目，項目經理應該重複利用下列哪一項？
A.項目章程
B.項目管理計劃
C.項目預算
D.工作分解結構（WBS）
答案：D
解析：本題屬於組織過程資產的應用，在確定範圍說明書如果可以確定與過去項目類似，
接下來的WBS則可以參照和利用過往的模板。雖然A、B參考答案中，項目章程和項目管理計劃也屬於組織過程資產，但是題意說明當前結點是在確定範圍說明書後，即章程也已經完成了；而項目管理計劃則範圍太大，最切合題意的是參考答案D。
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2020.1.9 每日一題：
A new warehouse is ready for operations. Before operations begin, the project manager must
prepare the final project report. What should the project manager refer to?
A. Lessons learned, project charter, and work breakdown structure (WBS)
B. Project baselines,accepted deliverables, and earned value (EV)
C. Checklists, responsibility assignment matrix(RAM), and risk management plan
D. Accepted deliverables, lessons learned, and transition criteria
一個新的倉庫準備好運營。運營開始之前，項目經理必須準備最終項目報告。項目經理
應該查閱哪些文件？
A.經驗教訓、項目章程和工作分解結構(WBS)
B.項目基準、已驗收的可交付成果和掙值（EV）
C.覈對表、責任分配矩陣(RAM）和風險管理計劃
D.已驗收的可交付成果、經驗教訓和移交標準
答案：D
解析：四個參考答案中，作爲項目轉入運營之前的最終報告，最好的內容是參考答案D。
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2020.1.8 每日一題：
A project is near closure, and the developer has finished product development. The project
sponsor now wants the project manager to deliver the product ahead of schedule. What should
the project manager do?
A. Ask the sponsor to withdraw the request.
B. Hold a stakeholder meeting.
C. Deliver the product as originally scheduled.
D. Have the developer start project wrap-up activities, and prepare to deliver ahead of
schedule.
項目接近尾聲，開發人員也已完成了產品的開發。項目發起人要求項目經理提前向客戶
交付該產品。項目經理應該怎麼做？
A.找項目發起人談話試圖說服他收回請求。
B.召開干係人會議。
C.仍按原計劃發佈產品。
D.讓開發人員展開項目的收尾工作，準備提前交付。
答案：D
解析：項目已經完成項目產品需求，可以進行提前收尾，PMI關於項目收尾的管理要求。
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2020.1.7 每日一題：
Midway through a project with a 12-month contract, written notice is unexpectedly received
from the customer requesting transfer of the project to a competitor, what should the project
manager do?
A. Ask company management for assistance.
B. Initiate project closure.
C. Review the project charter.
D. Review the terms of the signed customer contract.
A公司承接了一個爲期 12個月的合同。當項目進行到一半的時候，突然接到客戶的書面
通知將項目轉移給競爭公司B。這個時候A公司的項目經理下一步應該做什麼？
A. 請求公司管理層的協助。
B. 啓動項目收尾工作。
C. 查看項目章程中的相關規定。
D. 查看與客戶簽署的合同條款。
答案：D
解析：在請示管理層的協助，啓動收尾之前，需要查閱合同中的相關規定。
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2020.1.6 每日一題：
John is managing a project.The project is about three fourths done when the site engineer reports that due to inherent complexities in a certain task the deliverables would get delayed.This would involve additional analysis and then implementation.He requests that this new work that was not envisioned earlier be added to the scope and also the time required be added to the schedule.You and the site engineer have analyzed the impact of this change to cost, and have written up a change request and requested approval from change control board.Just today you have received approval from the change control board - what should be the imemdiate course of action ?
A. Start work immediately
B. Ascertain the impact of this change to scope , schedule and cost before making any change.
C. Perform Quality Assurance
D. Make sure that the scope baseline and schedule baseline are updated to reflect the approved change before implementing the change.
約翰正在管理一個項目。當項目工程師報告說，由於某些任務的內在複雜性，可交付成果會被延遲，項目大約有四分之三完成。這將涉及到額外的分析和實施。他要求這項新工作是以前沒有預想的，並將被添加到範圍內，而且還需要將時間添加到日程表中。你和現場工程師已經分析了此變更對成本的影響，並且寫下了變更請求並要求變更控制委員會批准。今天你已經收到變更控制委員會的批准 - 應該採取什麼樣的行動？
A.立即開始工作
B.在作出任何改變之前確定這種變化對範圍，時間表和成本的影響。
C.執行質量保證
D.確保在實施更改之前更新範圍基線和時間表基準以反映批准的更改。
參考答案：D
解析：由於更改已獲得批准，因此在實施更改之前，應先更新基準（此例中爲範圍和時間表基準）。
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2020.1.3 每日一題：
At the last minute, a project team implements a new feature that is not included in the scope statement. To obtain customer approval, what process should the project manager implement next?
A. Plan Scope Management
B. Validate Scope
C. Perform Integrated Change Control
D. Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis
在最後一刻，項目團隊實施了範圍說明書中未包含的新功能。若要獲得客戶的批准，項
目經理下一步應執行哪個過程？
A. 制定範圍管理計劃
B. 覈實範圍
C. 執行整體變更控制
D. 執行定性風險分析
參考答案：C
解析：得到客戶的批准，正確的做法就是通過整體變更控制，也是四個選項中最好的參考答案。
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2020.1.2 每日一題：
A software project is undergoing testing during the final user acceptance stage, and acceptance is anticipated by the next day. A user unexpectedly realizes that a new feature is required to run the current software. The user tells the developer that it must be completed by the next day or it will not be approved. The developer believes that two days are required to
complete this feature. What should the project manager do?
A. Refuse to develop the feature, as it is out of scope.
B. Ask the user to submit a written change request, and obtain permission from the customer’s
project manager.
C. Work overtime and revise the software in order to ensure timely project approval.
D. Perform an analysis with the developer to determine a workaround.
一個軟件項目已在最後的用戶接收階段測試中，按照計劃明天就要驗收。用戶突然發現
必須要有一個新功能才能使目前的軟件往下運行，用戶告訴開發人員，必須要明天完成，否
則拒絕驗收這個軟件項目。軟件開發人員覺得需要2 天時間才能開發完這個功能。項目經理應該怎麼做？
A 拒絕開發，因爲這是新功能要求，不在項目範圍之內。
B.要求用戶書面提交變更請求，並得到客戶方項目經理的批准。
C.加班修改軟件來保證明天的項目驗收。
D.和開發人員一起分析，找變通方案來解決當前問題。
參考答案：B
解析：按照標準的變更程序來推進。